List of wars: 1500–1799

This is a list of wars that began between 1500 and 1799. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity. Major conflicts of this era include the Italian Wars and Thirty Years' War in Europe, the Kongo Civil War in Africa, the Qing conquest of the Ming in Asia, the Spanish conquest of Peru in South America, and the American Revolutionary War in North America.
Based on statistics from Our World in Data (starting in 1400), 1525 (the end of the German Peasants' War) was, at its time, the deadliest year in terms of conflict deaths with 160k deaths, until it was surpassed by 1618 which saw 316k deaths. As the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and the Manchu conquest of China (1618–1683) continued, 1618 was surpassed by 1619 (359k deaths), 1625 (443k deaths), 1627 (453k deaths), 1628 (456k deaths) and 1629 (456.8k deaths). 1629 was later surpassed by 1756 (457.5k deaths), at the start of the Seven Years' War.[1]
1500–1599
| Start | Finish | Name of conflict | Belligerents | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Victorious party (if applicable) | Defeated party (if applicable) | |||
| 1500 | 1500 | Bruneian–Tundun War | Tondo | |
| 1500 | 1503 | Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars |
||
| 1500 | 1500 | Battle of Hemmingstedt | Peasantry of Dithmarschen |
|
| 1501 | 1502 | Azov War (1501–1502) | ||
| 1501 | 1512 | Dano-Swedish War (1501–1512)
Part of the Dano-Swedish Wars |
| |
| 1502 | 1510 | Persian–Uzbek wars | Timurid Empire |
|
| 1502 | 1543 | Guelders Wars | ||
| 1503 | 1505 | War of the Succession of Landshut | ||
| 1505 | 1517 | Portuguese–Mamluk naval war | ||
| 1507 | 1508 | Third Muscovite–Lithuanian War Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars |
Lithuanian rebels led by Michael Glinski | |
| 1508 | 1516 | War of the League of Cambrai Part of the Italian Wars and Anglo-French War (1512–14) |
1508–10: 1511–13: 1513–16: |
1508–10: 1510–11: 1511–13: 1513–16: |
| 1509 | 1509 | Second Invasion of the Kazakh Khanate (1509) | Kazakh Khanate | Khanate of Bukhara |
| 1509 | 1509 | Battle of Diu Part of the Portuguese battles in Indian Ocean, Portuguese–Mamluk naval war and Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations |
Gujarat Sultanate Kozhikode Zamorin Raja | |
| 1509 | 1512 | Ottoman Civil War | ||
| 1510 | 1510 | Prince of Anhua rebellion | Ming dynasty | Prince of Anhua |
| 1510 | 1514 | Hvar rebellion | ||
| 1510 | 1510 | Portuguese conquest of Goa Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations |
Bijapur Sultanate | |
| 1511 | 1511 | Friulian revolt of 1511 | Friulian nobility | Friulian peasants |
| 1511 | 1511 | Şahkulu rebellion | Shia Rebels | |
| 1511 | 1529 | Spanish–Taíno War of San Juan–Borikén | Taínos | |
| 1511 | 1641 | Malayan–Portuguese war | Malacca Sultanate Ming dynasty Johor Sultanate | |
| 1512 | 1516 | Bengal Sultanate–Kingdom of Mrauk U War | Kingdom of Mrauk U | |
| 1512 | 1522 | Fourth Muscovite–Lithuanian War Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars |
||
| 1512 | 1521 | Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre | ||
| 1514 | 1514 | Poor Conrad Rebellion | Württemberg peasants | |
| 1514 | 1514 | György Dózsa Rebellion | Hungarian peasants | |
| 1514 | 1514 | Battle of Chaldiran | ||
| 1515 | 1515 | Slovene Peasant Revolt of 1515 | Slovene rebels | |
| 1515 | 1523 | Arumer Zwarte Hoop | Frisian peasants | |
| 1516 | 1517 | Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17) Part of the Ottoman–Mamluk wars |
||
| 1516 | 1516 | Partisans of Cacamatzin |
Partisans of Ixtlilxochitl II | |
| 1516 | 1521 | Trần Cao rebellion | Lê dynasty | Trần Cao rebels |
| 1519 | 1519 | Prince of Ning rebellion | Ming dynasty | Prince of Ning |
| 1519 | 1521 | Polish–Teutonic War (1519–1521) Polish–Teutonic wars |
||
| 1519 | 1521 | Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire | Tlaxcala |
|
| 1519 | 1522 | Revolt of the Brotherhoods | Royalists of Aragon | Agermanats rebels |
| 1519 | 1523 | Hildesheim Diocesan Feud | ||
| 1519 | 1659 | Celali rebellions | Alevi peasants | |
| 1520 | 1521 | Revolt of the Comuneros | Royalist Castilians | Comuneros rebels |
| 1521 | 1521 | First Battle of Tamão | Ming dynasty | |
| 1521 | 1523 | Swedish War of Liberation Part of the Swedish War of Secession |
||
| 1521 | 1526 | Italian War of 1521–1526 Part of the Italian Wars |
|
|
| 1521 | 1532 | Musso War | ||
| 1522 | 1538 | First Civil War (Kazakh Khanate) | Tugim Khan (Until 1538)
Supported by: Khak-Nazar |
Buydash Khan |
| 1522 | 1523 | Knights' War | Brotherly Convention’ of Knights | |
| 1522 | 1522 | Second Battle of Tamão | Ming dynasty | |
| 1522 | 1522 | Siege of Rhodes (1522) | ||
| 1523 | 1523 | Franconian War | Robber Barons | |
| 1524 | 1525 | German Peasants' War | ||
| 1524 | 1533 | Dalecarlian rebellions | Dalarna peasants | |
| 1525 | 1525 | Bakhchisarai War (1525) | ||
| 1525 | 1525 | Amicable Grant | English Rebels | |
| 1526 | 1530 | War of the League of Cognac Part of the Italian Wars |
|
|
| 1526 | 1526 | Battle of Mohács | ||
| 1527 | 1658 | Sinhalese–Portuguese War | ||
| 1527 | 1697 | Spanish conquest of Yucatán | Maya | |
| 1527 | 1528 | Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528 Part of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars |
||
| 1529 | 1543 | Ethiopian–Adal war | ||
| 1529 | 1529 | Westrogothian rebellion | Swedish Catholics | |
| 1529 | 1529 | First War of Kappel | Protestants:
|
Catholics:
|
| 1529 | 1529 | Suleiman I's campaign of 1529 | ||
| 1529 | 1529 | Siege of Vienna | ||
| 1529 | 1532 | Inca Civil War | Inca Empire under Atahualpa | Tumebamba |
| 1530 | 1552 | Little War in Hungary Part of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars |
Serbian Despotate | |
| 1531 | 1531 | Second War of Kappel | Catholics:
|
Protestants:
|
| 1532 | 1572 | Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire | Neo-Inca State | |
| 1532 | 1555 | Ottoman–Safavid War (1532–1555) Part of the Ottoman–Persian wars |
||
| 1533 | 1929 | Yaqui Wars Part of the Mexican Indian Wars and the American Indian Wars |
|
Allies
|
| 1533 | 1677 | Lê–Mạc War | Revival Lê dynasty | Mạc dynasty |
| 1534 | 1534 | Silken Thomas rebellion | ||
| 1534 | 1535 | Münster rebellion | Anabaptists | |
| 1534 | 1536 | Count's Feud | Jutland |
Zealand |
| 1534 | 1537 | Fifth Muscovite–Lithuanian War Part of the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars |
Crimean Tatars |
|
| 1534 | 1541 | Toungoo–Hanthawaddy War | Toungoo dynasty | |
| 1534 | 1536 | Iguape War | Spanish colonists Guaraní | |
| 1536 | 1537 | Pilgrimage of Grace | English Roman Catholics | |
| 1536 | 1538 | Italian War of 1536–1538 | ||
| 1537 | 1537 | Bigod's rebellion | English Roman Catholics | |
| 1537 | 1540 | Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540) | Holy League:
| |
| 1537 | 1548 | |||
| 1538 | 1538 | Yemeni Expedition of 1538
Part of the Yemeni–Ottoman conflicts |
Zaidis | |
| 1538 | 1545 | Toungoo–Ava War | Toungoo dynasty | Ava Kingdom Confederation of Shan States Mrauk-U Kingdom Prome Kingdom |
| 1538 | 1560 | Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1559) | ||
| 1539 | 1540 | Revolt of Ghent (1539–1540) | Ghent | |
| 1540 | 1540 | Norwegian peasants | ||
| 1540 | 1542 | Mixtón War | Caxcans | |
| 1542 | 1543 | Dacke War | Småland peasants | |
| 1542 | 1546 | Italian War of 1542–1546 Part of the Italian Wars |
| |
| 1542 | 1551 | Rough Wooing Part of the Anglo-Scottish Wars |
||
| 1543 | 1568 | Koch–Ahom conflicts | Kamata Kingdom | |
| 1545 | 1547 | Toungoo–Mrauk-U War | Kingdom of Mrauk U | Toungoo dynasty |
| 1546 | 1547 | Schmalkaldic War |
|
Schmalkaldic League:
|
| 1547 | 1549 | Burmese–Siamese War (1547–1549) | Toungoo dynasty | |
| 1547 | 1565 | Jiajing wokou raids | Ming dynasty | Wokou |
| 1548 | 1549 | Revolt of the Pitauds | Tax Resisters | |
| 1549 | 1549 | Prayer Book Rebellion | Catholic rebels | |
| 1549 | 1549 | Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire rising of 1549 | English rebels | |
| 1549 | 1549 | Kett's Rebellion | English peasants | |
| 1550 | 1590 | Chichimeca War | Chichimeca | |
| 1551 | 1556 | Temryuk War (1551–1556) | Bzhedug Hatuqway |
|
| 1551 | 1559 | Italian War of 1551–1559 | ||
| 1552 | 1555 | Second Margrave War | ||
| 1552 | 1552 | Tuggurt Expedition | Kingdom of Beni Abbas |
Sultanate of Tuggurt |
| 1552 | 1552 | Siege of Kazan | Qasim Khanate Taw yağı |
Cheremis and Ar warriors Nogay cavalry |
| 1552 | 1556 | Kazan rebellion of 1552–1556 | Hill Cheremisa |
People of Kazan Chyuvasha Meadow Cheremisa Hill Cheremisa Ar people Nogai Horde |
| 1554 | 1554 | Wyatt's rebellion | Rebels under Thomas Wyatt | |
| 1554 | 1557 | Russo-Swedish War (1554–1557) | ||
| 1555 | 1558 | Saukrieg | Party of Hans von Carlowitz | Party of John IX of Haugwitz |
| 1555 | 1567 | France Antarctique | Tamoio People |
Tupinambá People |
| 1557 | 1589 | Ottoman conquest of Habesh | Habesh | |
| 1558 | 1566 | Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1559) |
Barbary States | |
| 1558 | 1567 | Shane O'Neill's rebellion | ||
| 1558 | 1583 | Livonian War | (before 1569 the Polish–Lithuanian union) |
|
| 1559 | 1559 | Crimean-Circassian War (1569) | ||
| 1560 | 1621 | Portuguese conquest of the Jaffna kingdom | Jaffna Kingdom | |
| 1562 | 1598 | French Wars of Religion | Protestants: Catholics: | |
| 1563 | 1564 | Burmese–Siamese War (1563–1564) | Toungoo dynasty | |
| 1563 | 1570 | Northern Seven Years' War |
| |
| 1564 | 1565 | Mariovo and Prilep rebellion | Christian rebels | |
| 1564 | 1567 | Mughal conquest of Garha | Garha Kingdom | |
| 1567 | 1872 | Philippine revolts against Spain | other Filipino rebel groups | |
| 1568 | 1570 | Burmese–Siamese War (1568–1569) | Toungoo dynasty Burmese-controlled Thai states |
Lan Xang |
| 1568 | 1571 | Rebellion of the Alpujarras (Morisco Revolt) | Moriscos | |
| 1568 | 1573 | Marian civil war | King's Men | Queen's Men |
| 1568 | 1648 | Eighty Years' War | German Protestants |
|
| 1569 | 1573 | First Desmond Rebellion | allied Irish clans |
allied Irish clans |
| 1569 | 1570 | Rising of the North | ||
| 1570 | 1574 | War of the League of the Indies | Sultanate of Bijapur
| |
| 1570 | 1573 | Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–1573) | Holy League: | |
| 1570 | 1580 | Ishiyama Hongan-ji War | Ikkō-ikki Saika Ikki Iga–Kōka alliance (1573) | |
| 1570 | 1570 | Iga–Kōka alliance | ||
| 1571 | 1571 | Russo-Crimean War (1571) | ||
| 1572 | 1576 | Mughal invasion of Bengal | ||
| 1573 | 1573 | Croatian–Slovene Peasant Revolt | Croatian peasants Slovene peasants | |
| 1572 | 1573 | Revolt of Ashikaga Yoshiaki |
Iga–Kōka alliance | |
| 1575 | 1577 | Danzig rebellion | ||
| 1578 | 1578 | Castilian War | ||
| 1578 | 1578 | Battle of Alcácer Quibir (also known as "Battle of Three Kings" or "The Battle of Alcazar") | Thomas Stukley | |
| 1578 | 1590 | Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–1590) | Kingdom of Kartli | |
| 1579 | 1581 | Tenshō Iga War | Iga ikki | |
| 1579 | 1583 | Second Desmond Rebellion | allied Irish clans |
allied Irish clans |
| 1580 | 1583 | War of the Portuguese Succession | ||
| 1581 | 1585 | Conquest of the Khanate of Sibir | Khanate of Sibir | |
| 1582 | 1582 | Honnō-ji Incident | Oda forces under Akechi Mitsuhide's command | Oda Nobunaga, Oda Nobutada and their servants |
| 1583 | 1588 | Cologne War | House of Berlaymont-Flyon and others |
|
| 1584 | 1593 | Burmese–Siamese War (1584–1593) | Burma | |
| 1585 | 1604 | Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) | ||
| 1585 | 1589 | Mughal conquest of Kashmir | ||
| 1586 | 1589 | Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1586–1589) | ||
| 1587 | 1588 | War of the Polish Succession (1587–88) | ||
| 1589 | 1589 | Beylerbeyi event | Janissaries | |
| 1590 | 1595 | Russo-Swedish War (1590–1595) | ||
| 1591 | 1591 | Portuguese invasion of Jaffna kingdom (1591) | Jaffna Kingdom | |
| 1591 | 1593 | Kosiński uprising | ||
| 1591 | 1594 | Rappenkrieg (Basel) | Swiss peasants | |
| 1591 | 1594 | Siamese–Cambodian War (1591–1594) | ||
| 1591 | 1606 | Long Turkish War | Nogai Khanate | |
| 1592 | 1598 | Japanese invasions of Korea | Ming dynasty Joseon dynasty |
|
| 1592 | 1604 | Strasbourg Bishops' War | ||
| 1593 | 1597 | Cambodian–Spanish War | ||
| 1593 | 1617 | Moldavian Magnate Wars | ||
| 1594 | 1596 | Nalyvaiko Uprising | ||
| 1594 | 1605 | Burmese–Siamese War (1593–1600) | Toungoo dynasty | |
| 1594 | 1603 | Nine Years' War (Ireland) | Supported by: Scottish Gaelic mercenaries | |
| 1596 | 1596 | Himara Revolt | Himariote rebels | |
1600–1699
| Start | Finish | Name of conflict | Belligerents | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Victorious party (if applicable) | Defeated party (if applicable) | |||
| 1600 | 1600 | Battle of Sekigahara | ||
| 1600 | 1601 | Thessaly rebellion (1600) | Greek peasants | |
| 1600 | 1601 | Franco-Savoyard War (1600–1601) | Duchy of Savoy | |
| 1600 | 1866 | Navajo Wars | Navajo | |
| 1611 | 1611 | Conquest of Bakla | Portuguese and Dutch allies | |
| 1600 | 1611 | Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611) | ||
| 1601 | 1607 | Acaxee Rebellion | Acaxee Tepehuanos Xiximes | |
| 1602 | 1663 | Dutch–Portuguese War | Supported by: (until 1640) Kingdom of Cochin Potiguara Tupis |
Supported by: (until 1640) Johor Sultanate Kingdom of Ndongo-Matamba Rio Grande Tupis Nhandui Tarairiu Tribe |
| 1603 | 1618 | Ottoman–Safavid War (1603–1618) | ||
| 1606 | 1607 | Bolotnikov rebellion | Russian peasants | |
| 1606 | 1608 | Zebrzydowski rebellion | Polish Nobility | |
| 1609 | 1614 | War of the Jülich Succession | Supporting Wolfgang William: Supporting John Sigismund: Protestant Union |
Supporting Emperor Rudolph: |
| 1609 | 1618 | Polish–Russian War (1609–1618) | ||
| 1609 | 1701 | Beaver Wars | Iroquois
Supported by:
|
Algonquian
Huron Susquehannock Erie Neutral Petun Odawa Ojibwe Wenro Mahican Innu Abenaki |
| 1609 | 1609 | Invasion of Ryukyu | ||
| 1610 | 1614 | First Anglo-Powhatan War | Powhatan Confederacy | |
| 1610 | 1617 | Ingrian War | ||
| 1611 | 1611 | Epirus revolt of 1611 | Greek peasants | |
| 1612 | 1613 | Kalmar War | ||
| 1612 | 1614 | Rappenkrieg | Peasants | |
| 1612 | 1615 | Equinoctial France War | Brazilian colonists |
|
| 1613 | 1614 | Burmese–Siamese War (1609–1622) | Toungoo dynasty | |
| 1614 | 1615 | Siege of Osaka | ||
| 1614 | 1625 | Mataram conquest of Surabaya | Duchy of Surabaya | |
| 1615 | 1618 | Uskok War | ||
| 1615 | 1682 | Ahom–Mughal conflicts | ||
| 1616 | 1620 | Tepehuán Revolt | Tepehuánes Irritillas Acaxee Xiximes Humes | |
| 1617 | 1618 | Polish–Swedish War (1617–1618) | ||
| 1618 | 1697 | Spanish conquest of Petén Part of the Spanish conquest of Guatemala and the Spanish conquest of Yucatán |
Independent Maya | |
| 1618 | 1639 | Bündner Wirren | ||
| 1618 | 1648 | Thirty Years' War | Protestant States and Allies
|
Roman Catholic States and Allies
|
| 1618 | 1683 | Qing conquest of the Ming | Later Jin (until 1636) Qing dynasty (from 1636) |
Ming dynasty (until 1644) Southern Ming (1644–1662) Shun dynasty (1644–1645) Daxi dynasty (1644–1646) |
| 1619 | 1682 | Ahom–Mughal conflicts | ||
| 1620 | 1621 | Polish–Ottoman War (1620–1621) | ||
| 1621 | 1621 | Dutch conquest of the Banda Islands | Banda natives | |
| 1621 | 1625 | Polish–Swedish War (1621–1625) | ||
| 1621 | 1635 | Mughal–Sikh War (1621–35) | Sikh militia | |
| 1622 | 1623 | Mughal–Safavid War (1622–1623) | ||
| 1622 | 1625 | War of the Vicuñas and Basques | Basques | Vicuñas |
| 1622 | 1632 | Second Anglo-Powhatan War | Powhatan Confederacy | |
| 1623 | 1639 | Ottoman–Safavid War (1623–1639) | ||
| 1625 | 1630 | Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630) | Support:
| |
| 1625 | 1625 | Zhmaylo uprising | Cossacks | |
| 1625 | 1625 | Relief of Genoa | Duchy of Savoy | |
| 1626 | 1629 | Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629) | ||
| 1626 | 1626 | Peasants' War in Upper Austria | Peasant rebels | |
| 1627 | 1627 | Later Jin invasion of Joseon | Joseon dynasty | Later Jin |
| 1627 | 1672 | Trịnh–Nguyễn War | Trịnh lords Lê dynasty |
Nguyễn lords |
| 1628 | 1631 | War of the Mantuan Succession Part of the Thirty Years' War |
Supporting the Duke of Nevers: |
Supporting the Duke of Guastalla: Duchy of Savoy |
| 1630 | 1630 | Fedorovych uprising | Cossacks | |
| c. 1630 | c. 1630 | Yemeni Expedition of the 1630s
Part of the Yemeni–Ottoman Conflicts |
Zaidis | |
| 1632 | 1634 | Smolensk War | ||
| 1633 | 1634 | Polish–Ottoman War (1633–1634) | ||
| 1634 | 1638 | Pequot War | Saybrook Colony
|
Pequot |
| 1635 | 1635 | Sulyma uprising | Cossacks | |
| 1635 | 1654 | Acadian Civil War | Port Royal Administration | St. John Administration |
| 1635 | 1659 | Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) | ||
| 1636 | 1637 | Qing invasion of Joseon | Qing dynasty | Joseon dynasty |
| 1637 | 1637 | Pavlyuk uprising | Cossacks | |
| 1637 | 1638 | Shimabara Rebellion | Tokugawa shogunate |
Roman Catholics and rōnin rebels |
| 1638 | 1638 | Ostryanyn uprising | Cossacks | |
| 1639 | 1639 | Revolt of the va-nu-pieds | Tax Resisters | |
| 1639 | 1639 | First Bishops' War Part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms |
||
| 1640 | 1640 | Second Bishops' War Part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms |
||
| 1640 | 1659 | Reapers' War | ||
| 1640 | 1668 | Portuguese Restoration War | Supported by: (after 1661) |
|
| 1641 | 1653 | Irish Confederate Wars Part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms |
(allied with Royalists 1648–1650) (allied with Irish Confederates 1648–1650) | |
| 1641 | 1644 | First War of Castro | Barberini Pope Urban VIII and Pamphili Pope Innocent X their papal armies and relatives. |
The Farnese Dukes of Parma |
| 1642 | 1646 | First English Civil War Part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms |
||
| 1643 | 1644 | Cambodian–Dutch War | ||
| 1643 | 1645 | Torstenson War Part of the Thirty Years' War |
||
| 1643 | 1645 | Kieft's War | Lenape | |
| 1643 | 1756 | Kazakh-Dzungar Wars | Dzungar Khanate | |
| 1644 | 1646 | Third Anglo-Powhatan War | Powhatan Confederacy | |
| 1644 | 1674 | Char Bouba war | Maqil Arab tribes | Sanhadja Berber tribes |
| 1644 | 1651 | Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms Part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms |
||
| 1645 | 1669 | Cretan War (1645–1669) | ||
| 1646 | 1647 | Mughal invasion of Central Asia | Khanate of Bukhara | |
| 1648 | 1648 | Atmeydanı incident | Sipahi Corps | |
| 1648 | 1648 | Moscow uprising of 1648 | Rioters | |
| 1648 | 1657 | Khmelnytsky Uprising | ||
| 1648 | 1649 | First Fronde | Parlements (1648–1649) Princes of the Blood (1650–1653) | |
| 1648 | 1649 | Second English Civil War Part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms |
||
| 1649 | 1651 | Third English Civil War Part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms |
||
| 1649 | 1653 | Mughal–Safavid War | ||
| 1649 | 1653 | Cromwellian conquest of Ireland Part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms |
English Parliamentarian New Model Army, Protestant colonists |
|
| 1649 | 1649 | Second War of Castro | ||
| 1650 | 1653 | Second Fronde | Parlements (1648–1649) Princes of the Blood (1650–1653) | |
| 1651 | 1651 | Düsseldorf Cow War | ||
| 1651 | 1651 | Kostka-Napierski uprising | Polish peasants | |
| 1651 | 1651 | Keian Uprising | Ronin | |
| 1651 | 1653 | Russo-Persian War (1651–1653) | ||
| 1651 | 1986 | Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War | ||
| 1652 | 1652 | Guo Huaiyi rebellion | Aboriginal Taiwanese |
Peasant rebels |
| 1652 | 1654 | First Anglo-Dutch War | ||
| 1652 | 1689 | Russian–Manchu border conflicts | Qing dynasty Joseon dynasty |
|
| 1653 | 1653 | Swiss peasant war of 1653 | City governments' troops |
Peasant forces from
|
| 1653 | 1653 | Morning Star rebellion | Swedish Peasants | |
| 1654 | 1654 | First Swedish War on Bremen | ||
| 1654 | 1667 | Russo-Polish War (1654–1667) | ||
| 1654 | 1660 | Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660) | ||
| 1655 | 1655 | Peach War | Lenape and allied tribes | |
| 1655 | 1656 | Varaždin rebellion (1665–1666) | Habsburg monarchy | Frontiersmen |
| 1655 | 1660 | Second Northern War |
|
|
| 1655 | 1690 | Savoyard–Waldensian wars | Duchy of Savoy | Waldensians |
| 1656 | 1656 | Çınar incident | Rebellious soldiers | |
| 1656 | 1658 | Russo-Swedish War (1656–1658) Part of the Second Northern War |
||
| 1657 | 1658 | Dano-Swedish War (1657–1658) Part of the Second Northern War |
||
| 1658 | 1660 | Dano-Swedish War (1658–1660) Part of the Second Northern War |
||
| 1658 | 1667 | Druze power struggle (1658–1667) | Ma'ani Druze Rebels | |
| 1659 | 1659 | Bakhtrioni uprising | Kingdom of Kakheti | |
| 1660 | 1673 | Brunei Civil War | Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin's Forces | Sultan Muhyiddin's Forces |
| 1661 | 1662 | Siege of Fort Zeelandia | ||
| 1662 | 1662 | Copper Riot | Rioters | |
| 1662 | 1664 | Bashkir rebellion (1662–1664) | Bashkir rebels | |
| 1662 | 1665 | Burmese–Siamese War (1662–1664) | Burma | |
| 1663 | 1664 | Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664) | League of the Rhine | |
| 1665 | 1666 | Lubomirski's rebellion | Polish Nobility | |
| 1665 | 1667 | Second Anglo-Dutch War | ||
| 1665 | 1709 | Kongo Civil War | House of Kinlaza | House of Kimpanzu |
| 1666 | 1666 | Second Swedish War on Bremen | ||
| 1666 | 1671 | Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–1671) | ||
| 1667 | 1668 | War of Devolution | Triple Alliance: | |
| 1667 (or 1670) | 1671 | Stepan Razin rebellion | Russian peasants | |
| 1667 | 1675 | Angelets | Tax Resisters | |
| 1668 | 1676 | Solovetsky Monastery uprising | Old Believers | |
| 1669 | 1672 | Shakushain's revolt | Ainu Rebels | |
| 1672 | 1673 | Second Genoese–Savoyard War | Duchy of Savoy | |
| 1672 | 1676 | Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676) | ||
| 1672 | 1678 | Franco-Dutch War | ||
| 1672 | 1674 | Third Anglo-Dutch War Part of the Franco-Dutch War |
||
| 1673 | 1681 | Revolt of the Three Feudatories | Qing dynasty | Three Feudatories |
| 1674 | 1681 | Trunajaya rebellion | Rebel forces Makassarese itinerant fighters | |
| 1675 | 1675 | Revolt of the papier timbré | Tax Resisters | |
| 1675 | 1679 | Scanian War Part of the Franco-Dutch War |
||
| 1675 | 1678 | King Philip's War | Mohegan Pequots |
Wampanoag Nipmuc Podunk Narragansett Nashaway |
| 1675 | 1705 | Revolutions of Tunis | Husainid dynasty | Muradid dynasty |
| 1676 | 1681 | Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681) | ||
| 1678 | 1680 | Dzungar conquest of Altishahr | Dzungar Khanate Afāqi Naqshbandi Sufi Khojas Turfan Khanate Kumul Khanate |
Chagatai Khanate (Yarkent Khanate) Isḥāqi Naqshbandi Sufi Khojas |
| 1679 | 1707 | Rajput War (1679–1707) | ||
| 1679 | 1684 | Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal War | Tibet | Ladakh | |
| 1680 | 1680 | Pueblo Revolt | Puebloans | |
| 1680 | 1707 | Mughal–Maratha Wars | ||
| 1683 | 1699 | Great Turkish War |
|
|
| 1683 | 1699 | Polish–Ottoman War (1683–1699) Part of the Great Turkish War |
Allied Holy League forces |
|
| 1683 | 1684 | War of the Reunions | ||
| 1684 | 1699 | Morean War Part of the Great Turkish War |
|
|
| 1685 | 1685 | Monmouth Rebellion | ||
| 1686 | 1686 | Second Tarnovo Uprising | Bulgarian rebels | |
| 1686 | 1690 | Child's War | ||
| 1686 | 1700 | Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700) | ||
| 1687 | 1687 | Siamese–English War | ||
| 1687 | 1689 | Revolt of the Barretinas | Catalan Rebels | |
| 1687 | 1689 | Crimean campaigns | ||
| 1687 | 1758 | Dzungar–Qing Wars | Dzungar Khanate | |
| 1688 | 1688 | Chiprovtsi uprising | Christian rebels | |
| 1688 | 1697 | Nine Years' War | Grand Alliance: Piedmont-Savoy |
|
| 1689 | 1689 | Karposh's rebellion | Macedonian rebels | |
| 1689 | 1697 | King William's War Part of the Nine Years' War |
Wabanaki Confederacy |
Iroquois Confederacy |
| 1689 | 1691 | Williamite War in Ireland Part of the Nine Years' War |
Williamites: Protestant colonists and mercenaries from various countries |
Irish Jacobites |
| 1689 | 1692 | Scottish Jacobite rising | ||
| 1693 | 1693 | Second Brotherhood | Agermanats | |
| 1694 | 1700 | Komenda Wars | ||
| 1695 | 1696 | Azov campaigns | ||
| 1698 | 1698 | Streltsy uprising | Streltsy | |
| 1699 | 1699 | Arena Massacre | Amerindians | |
| 1699 | 1700 | Darien scheme | ||
| 1699 | 1702 | Maghrebi war (1699-1702) | ||
1700–1799
| Start | Finish | Name of Conflict | Belligerents | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Victorious party (if applicable) | Defeated party (if applicable) | |||
| 1700 | 1721 | Great Northern War |
|
|
| 1701 | 1701 | Battle of Dartsedo | Khoshut Khanate | |
| 1701 | 1714 | War of the Spanish Succession |
|
|
| 1702 | 1713 | Queen Anne's War Part of the War of the Spanish Succession |
|
|
| 1702 | 1715 | Camisard Rebellion | Huguenot Rebels | |
| 1703 | 1704 | Ottoman invasion of western Georgia (1703) | ||
| 1703 | 1705 | Naqib al-Ashraf revolt | ||
| 1703 | 1711 | Rákóczi's War of Independence | ||
| 1704 | 1704 | Kuridža's Rebellion | Orthodox peasants | |
| 1704 | 1706 | Civil war in Poland (1704–1706) Part of the Great North War | ||
| 1704 | 1708 | First Javanese War of Succession | ||
| 1704 | 1711 | Bashkir Uprising (1704–1711) | Bashkir rebels | |
| 1705 | 1706 | Bavarian People's Uprising | ||
| 1707 | 1707 | Mughal war of succession (1707) | ||
| 1707 | 1708 | Bulavin Rebellion | Peasants | |
| 1707 | 1709 | War of the Emboabas | ||
| 1708 | 1708 | Kanzhal War (1708) | Kabardia | |
| 1708 | 1709 | Comacchio War | ||
| 1709 | 1722 | Hotaki–Safavid War | ||
| 1710 | 1711 | Pruth River Campaign |
|
|
| 1711 | 1711 | Cary's Rebellion | Party of Edward Hyde | |
| 1711 | 1711 | 1711 Karamanli coup | ||
| 1711 | 1711 | Battle of Ain Dara | Jumblatt clan of Chouf Talhuq clan of Gharb Nakad clan of Manasif Imad clan of Arqub Abd al-Malik clan of Jurd |
Alam al-Din clan Arslan clan of Gharb Sawaf clan of Matn |
| 1711 | 1715 | Tuscarora War | Yamasee Northern Tuscarora Catawba |
Southern Tuscarora Pamplico Cothechney Coree Mattamuskeet Matchepungo |
| 1712 | 1712 | 1712 Huilliche rebellion | Huilliches | |
| 1712 | 1712 | New York Slave Revolt of 1712 | Slaves | |
| 1712 | 1712 | Toggenburg War |
|
|
| 1712 | 1716 | First Fox War | Fox people | |
| 1713 | 1714 | War of the Catalans Part of the War of the Spanish Succession |
||
| 1714 | 1718 | Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–18) | ||
| 1715 | 1717 | Yamasee War | Catawba (from 1715) |
Yamasee Ochese Creeks Catawba (until 1715) Waxhaw Santee |
| 1715 | 1716 | Jacobite rising of 1715 Also called "The Fifteen" |
||
| 1717 | 1717 | 1717 Omani invasion of Bahrain | ||
| 1718 | 1720 | War of the Quadruple Alliance | ||
| 1719 | 1723 | Second Javanese War of Succession |
|
|
| 1720 | 1720 | Chinese expedition to Tibet (1720) | Dzungar Khanate | |
| 1721 | 1721 | Attingal Outbreak | Indian Rebels | |
| 1721 | 1735 | Revolt of the Comuneros (Paraguay) | Anti-Jesuits | |
| 1721 | 1763 | Chickasaw Wars | Chickasaw |
Choctaw Illini |
| 1722 | 1725 | Father Rale's War | Abenaki Pequawket Maliseet | |
| 1722 | 1723 | Russo-Persian War (1722–1723) | Shamkhalate of Tarki Tabasaran principality |
|
| 1722 | 1727 | Ottoman–Hotaki War (1722–1727) | ||
| 1725 | 1745 | Saltpeter Wars | Müllerisch Faction | Salpterisch Faction |
| 1726 | 1727 | Appeal War | Estates of East Frisia | |
| 1727 | 1729 | Anglo-Spanish War (1727–1729) | ||
| 1728 | 1733 | Second Fox War | Fox people | |
| 1730 | 1730 | Patrona Halil Revolt | ||
| 1730 | 1735 | Ottoman–Persian War (1730–1735) | ||
| 1732 | 1736 | Kovenu war[19] | Anexo | |
| 1733 | 1733 | 1733 slave insurrection on St. John | Slaves | |
| 1733 | 1738 | War of the Polish Succession |
|
|
| 1735 | 1736 | Miao Rebellion (1735–36) | Miao rebels | |
| 1735 | 1737 | Spanish–Portuguese War (1735–1737) | ||
| 1735 | 1739 | Russo–Turkish War (1735–1739) |
|
|
| 1735 | 1740 | Bashkir Rebellion | Bashkirs | |
| 1738 | 1739 | Nader Shah's invasion of India | ||
| 1739 | 1739 | Stono Rebellion | Slaves | |
| 1739 | 1748 | War of Jenkins' Ear Part of the War of the Austrian Succession |
||
| 1740 | 1748 | War of the Austrian Succession | ||
| 1740 | 1742 | First Silesian War | ||
| 1741 | 1743 | Java War (1741–1743) | Javanese rebels | |
| 1741 | 1743 | Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743) Part of the War of the Austrian Succession |
||
| 1743 | 1746 | Ottoman–Persian War (1743–1746) | ||
| 1744 | 1829 | Dagohoy rebellion | ||
| 1744 | 1747 | Chukchi War | Chukchis | |
| 1744 | 1748 | King George's War Part of the War of the Austrian Succession |
||
| 1744 | 1745 | Second Silesian War Part of the War of the Austrian Succession |
||
| 1745 | 1746 | Jacobite rising of 1745 Also called "The Forty-Five" |
||
| 1746 | 1748 | First Carnatic War Part of the War of the Austrian Succession |
|
|
| 1747 | 1750 | Choctaw Civil War | ||
| 1747 | 1796 | Civil War between Afsharid and Qajar | ||
| 1749 | 1754 | Second Carnatic War |
|
|
| 1749 | 1757 | Third Javanese War of Succession | Anti-Dutch rebels | |
| 1752 | 1757 | Konbaung–Hanthawaddy War | Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom | |
| 1754 | 1763 | French and Indian War Part of the Seven Years' War |
|
|
| 1756 | 1756 | Guaraní War | Guaraní Tribes | |
| 1756 | 1763 | Seven Years' War |
|
|
| 1756 | 1763 | Third Silesian War Part of the Seven Years' War |
||
| 1757 | 1763 | Third Carnatic War Part of the Seven Years' War |
||
| 1757 | 1762 | Pomeranian War Part of the Seven Years' War |
||
| 1757 | 1759 | Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas | Altishahr Khojas | |
| 1758 | 1761 | Anglo-Cherokee War Part of the French and Indian War |
||
| 1759 | 1760 | Burmese–Siamese War (1759–1760) | ||
| 1760 | 1760 | Tacky's War | Slaves | |
| 1761 | 1761 | Canek Revolt | Mayans | |
| 1762 | 1763 | Fantastic War Part of the Seven Years' War |
||
| 1763 | 1764 | Berbice slave uprising | Berbice slaves | |
| 1763 | 1766 | Pontiac's War | Pontiac's confederacy Seneca | |
| 1763 | 1864 | Russo-Circassian War Part of the Caucasian War |
Sadzen | |
| 1765 | 1765 | Strilekrigen | Norwegian Peasants | |
| 1765 | 1767 | Burmese–Siamese War (1765–67) | ||
| 1765 | 1769 | Sino-Burmese War | ||
| 1765 | 1771 | War of the Regulation | Regulators | |
| 1766 | 1792 | Mysorean invasion of Kerala | Zamorin of Calicut | |
| 1767 | 1769 | First Anglo-Mysore War | ||
| 1768 | 1768 | Montserrat slave rebellion of 1768 | Slaves | |
| 1768 | 1768 | Louisiana Rebellion of 1768 | German rebels | |
| 1768 | 1769 | Koliyivshchyna | Haydamak Cossacks | |
| 1768 | 1769 | French conquest of Corsica | ||
| 1768 | 1774 | Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) |
|
|
| 1768 | 1772 | Bar Confederation | ||
| 1769 | 1773 | First Carib War | Black Caribs | |
| 1769 | 1772 | Danish-Algerian War | ||
| 1769 | 1806 | Moamoria rebellion | Morans | |
| 1771 | 1771 | Moscow plague riot of 1771 | Rioters | |
| 1771 | 1785 | Tây Sơn–Nguyễn War (1771–1785) | Tây Sơn dynasty | Nguyen lords |
| 1771 | 1802 | Fakir-Sannyasi rebellion | Fakirs Sannyasis | |
| 1773 | 1775 | Pugachev's Rebellion | Cossack and peasant rebels Tatar and Bashkir nobles | |
| 1774 | 1774 | Lord Dunmore's War | Shawnees Mingos | |
| 1775 | 1775 | Rising of the Priests | Clergy | |
| 1775 | 1776 | Burmese–Siamese War (1775–1776) | ||
| 1775 | 1782 | First Anglo-Maratha War | ||
| 1775 | 1783 | American Revolutionary War | Co-belligerents |
Co-belligerents
|
| 1776 | 1777 | Spanish–Portuguese War (1776–1777) | ||
| 1776 | 1794 | Chickamauga Wars (1776–1794) | ||
| 1778 | 1779 | War of the Bavarian Succession | ||
| 1778 | 1783 | Anglo-French War (1778–1783) | ||
| 1779 | 1783 | Anglo-Spanish War Part of the American Revolutionary War |
||
| 1779 | 1781 | First Xhosa War | Xhosa tribesmen | |
| 1780 | 1784 | Fourth Anglo-Dutch War Part of the American Revolutionary War |
||
| 1780 | 1784 | Second Anglo-Mysore War | ||
| 1781 | 1781 | Jahriyya revolt | Khafiya Sufi Muslims |
Jahriyya Sufi Muslims |
| 1781 | 1781 | Revolt of the Comuneros (New Granada) | Comuneros | |
| 1782 | 1782 | 1782 Sylhet uprising | Sylheti Muslim rebels | |
| 1782 | 1810 | Unification of Hawaii | Kingdom of Maui Kingdom of Kauai Kingdom of O'ahu | |
| 1783 | 1783 | 1782–83 unrest in Bahrain | Sheikhdom of Zubarah | |
| 1783 | 1783 | Kuban Nogai Uprising | Lesser Nogai Horde | |
| 1784 | 1784 | Oman-Zanzibar War | ||
| 1784 | 1784 | Kettle War | ||
| 1784 | 1784 | Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan | Peasant rebels | |
| 1785 | 1785 | Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút | Tây Sơn dynasty | Nguyễn lords |
| 1785 | 1786 | Burmese–Siamese War (1785–86) | ||
| 1785 | 1795 | Northwest Indian War | Western Confederacy | |
| 1786 | 1786 | Tây Sơn–Trịnh War | Tây Sơn dynasty | Trịnh lords |
| 1786 | 1787 | Lofthuus' Rebellion | Norwegian Peasants | |
| 1786 | 1787 | Shays' Rebellion | Daniel Shays and rebels | |
| 1787 | 1787 | Prussian invasion of Holland | ||
| 1787 | 1787 | Burmese–Siamese War (1787) | ||
| 1787 | 1791 | Austro-Turkish War (1787–1791) | ||
| 1787 | 1792 | Russo-Turkish War (1787–92) | ||
| 1787 | 1802 | Tây Sơn–Nguyễn War (1787–1802) | Nguyễn lords | Tây Sơn dynasty |
| 1788 | 1790 | Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790) | ||
| 1788 | 1789 | Theatre War | ||
| 1788 | 1934 | Australian frontier wars | European settlers | Indigenous Australians |
| 1788 | 1792 | Sino-Nepalese War | ||
| 1788 | 1789 | Battle of Ngọc Hồi-Đống Đa | Lê dynasty |
Tây Sơn dynasty |
| 1789 | 1789 | Menashi-Kunashir Rebellion | Ainu rebels | |
| 1789 | 1792 | Third Anglo-Mysore War |
|
|
| 1789 | 1794 | Qajar conquest of the Zand Dynasty | ||
| 1789 | 1793 | Second Xhosa War | Xhosa tribesmen | |
| 1789 | 1791 | Liège Revolution | ||
| 1789 | 1790 | Brabant Revolution | ||
| 1789 | 1789 | French Revolution | Jacobins Girondins Sans-Culottes |
Monarchists Moderate Revolutionaries Realists |
| 1790 | 1790 | Saxon Peasants' Revolt | Peasant rebels | |
| 1790 | 1802 | Pemulwuy Resistance | Pemulwuy | |
| 1790 | 1791 | Avignon–Comtat Venaissin War | Papal States
Union of St. Cecilia (from 1791) | |
| 1791 | 1804 | Haitian Revolution | ||
| 1791 | 1794 | Whiskey Rebellion | Frontier tax protestors | |
| 1792 | 1792 | Dundiya rebellion | Party of Haradutta Bujarbarua | |
| 1792 | 1792 | Polish–Russian War of 1792 | Targowica Confederates |
|
| 1792 | 1792 | Burmese–Siamese War (1792) | ||
| 1792 | 1797 | War of the First Coalition Part of the French Revolutionary Wars |
First Coalition:
| |
| 1793 | 1796 | War in the Vendée Part of the War of the First Coalition |
||
| 1793 | 1795 | Tripolitanian civil war | ||
| 1793 | 1806 | Cotiote War | Kingdom of Kottayam | |
| 1794 | 1794 | Nickajack Expedition | American Frontiersmen | |
| 1794 | 1794 | Pazvantoğlu Rebellion | Mercenaries | |
| 1794 | 1794 | Kościuszko Uprising | ||
| 1794 | 1804 | White Lotus Rebellion | White Lotus society | |
| 1795 | 1795 | Curaçao Slave Revolt of 1795 | Slaves | |
| 1795 | 1795 | Battle of Krtsanisi | * Ganja Khanate * Erivan Khanate |
|
| 1795 | 1796 | Fédon's rebellion | Grenadian Republicans | |
| 1795 | 1816 | Hawkesbury and Nepean Wars | Dharug Nation Eora Nation Tharawal Nation Gandangara Nation | |
| 1795 | 1797 | Second Carib War | Carib slaves | |
| 1795 | 1806 | Miao Rebellion (1795–1806) | Miao rebels | |
| 1796 | 1796 | Persian Expedition of 1796 | ||
| 1796 | 1808 | Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808) | ||
| 1797 | 1797 | Denisko uprising | ||
| 1797 | 1797 | Burmese–Siamese War (1797) | ||
| 1798 | 1798 | Peasants' War (1798) | ||
| 1798 | 1802 | War of the Second Coalition Part of the French Revolutionary Wars |
French client republics: |
Second Coalition:
|
| 1798 | 1800 | Quasi-War | ||
| 1798 | 1798 | Irish Rebellion of 1798 | ||
| 1798 | 1799 | Fourth Anglo-Mysore War |
|
|
| 1799 | 1800 | War of the South Part of Haitian Revolution |
||
| 1799 | 1800 | Fries's Rebellion | Pennsylvania Dutch Farmers | |
| 1799 | 1803 | Third Xhosa War | Xhosa tribesmen | |
Notes
- ↑ "Deaths in conflicts by source". Our World in Data. Retrieved 2023-04-27.
- ↑ Holt, P.M.; Lambton, A.K.S.; Lewis, B. (1978). The Central Islamic Lands from Pre-islamic Times to the First World War. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press. p. 328. ISBN 9780521291354. Retrieved 2014-12-02.
- ↑ The Ottoman Empire and early modern Europe by Daniel Goffman, p.111
- ↑ Firearms of the Islamic world, p.38
- ↑ The Cambridge History of Islam, p.328
- ↑ E. Liptai: Magyarország hadtörténete (1), Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó 1984. ISBN 963-326-320-4; 208. p.
- 1 2 Csorba, Csaba; János Estók; Konrád Salamon (1998). Magyarország Képes Története. Budapest: Hungarian Book-Club. ISBN 963-548-961-7. 62.-64. p.
- ↑ At war with Spain 1625–30 (and France 1627–29).
- ↑ "into line with army of Gabriel Bethlen in 1620." Ágnes Várkonyi: Age of the Reforms, Magyar Könyvklub publisher, 1999. ISBN 963-547-070-3
- ↑
- "The Imperial standard has, on a yellow ground, the black double-headed eagle, on the breast and wings of which are imposed shields bearing the arms of the provinces of the empire . The flag is bordered all round, the border being composed of equal-sided triangles with their apices alternately inwards and outwards, those with their apices pointing inwards being alternately yellow and white, the others alternately scarlet and black" (Swinburne 1911, p. 461)
- "The imperial banner was a golden yellow cloth...bearing a black eagle...The double-headed eagle was finally established by Sigismund as regent..." (Smith 1975, pp. 114–119)
- ↑ Ervin Liptai: Military history of Hungary, Zrínyi Military Publisher, 1985. ISBN 9633263379
- ↑ Hussar (Huszár) hu.wikipedia
- ↑ Denmark fought Sweden and the Dutch Republic in the Torstenson War
- 1 2 Lord Wentworth's Regiment served as part of the Spanish Army.
- ↑ Hrushevsky (2003), pp. 327ff.
- ↑ The Acts of Union of 1707 united the crowns of England and Scotland, forming the Kingdom of Great Britain. For much of the war, Scottish units were under Dutch pay and operated as part of the army of the Dutch Republic.
- 1 2 In 1707, the kingdoms of England and Scotland were unified as the Kingdom of Great Britain, sharing a single Parliament at Westminster under the Act of Union 1707. After this, Scottish troops joined their English counterparts in all colonial wars.
- ↑ Cesáreo Fernández Duro, Armada española desde la unión de los reinos de Castilla y de León, Est. tipográfico Sucesores de Rivadeneyra, Madrid, 1902, Vol. VI, p. 118
- ↑ Lovejoy, Paul E. (2000-09-13). Identity in the Shadow of Slavery. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 94–96. ISBN 978-0-8264-4725-8.
- ↑ Arrived in France following the abolition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth after the Third Partition in 1795.
- 1 2 Nominally the Holy Roman Empire, of which the Austrian Netherlands and the Duchy of Milan were under direct Austrian rule. Also encompassed many other Italian states, as well as other Habsburg states such as the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
- ↑ Virtually all of the Italian states, including the neutral Papal States and the Republic of Venice, were conquered following Napoleon's invasion in 1796 and became French satellite states.
- ↑ Officially neutral but Danish fleet was attacked by Britain at the Battle of Copenhagen.
- ↑ Abolished following the restoration of the neutral Papal States in 1799.
- ↑ Short lived state that replaced the Kingdom of Naples in 1799.
References
- Swinburne, Henry Lawrence (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 454–463.
Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879). "Flag". The American Cyclopædia. Vol. 8. p. 250.
- "The Vinkhuijzen collection of military uniforms: France, 1750–1757". New York Public Library. 25 March 2011 [2004]. Archived from the original on 6 April 2015.
- Smith, Whitney (1975). Flags through the ages and across the world. England: McGraw-Hill. pp. 114–119. ISBN 0-07-059093-1.