No, Resilient grants proficiency in Saving Throws only
The PHB (pp 168) says the Resilient feat gives you (my emphasis):
...proficiency in saving throws using the chosen ability.
Skills and ability checks are separate mechanics that require proficiency of their own from a source (background, race, class etc.)
Related Skills could be improved, but you're still not proficient
If the ability chose to be Resilient in was an odd number originally, the feat also
Increase[s] the chosen ability score by 1...
The increase of 1 on an odd modifier would then improve your modifier by 1 as you reach the next even value. Skills that your DM calls for utilizing that modifier would also then increase by 1.