Are there any statistics on how similar any two languages are? For a whole language (lexical and structural) or maybe just a comparison of two dictionaries (vocabulary)?
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Largely related: https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/q/3006/1009 – Be Brave Be Like Ukraine Jan 15 '19 at 17:33
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The problem is that "similar" is not well-defined. There are methods of comparing phonologies and morphosyntactic features, but "similarity" is perceptual, and not something that can be measured exactly unless it's given an operational definition. – jlawler Jan 15 '19 at 21:48