Here is a link to About.com's collection of common French acronyms. There's about 100-150 of them, and probably someone from France will recognize them all in a heartbeat.
http://french.about.com/library/writing/bl-acronyms.htm
I'm trying to get as firm a grasp on French language and culture as possible, and I'd like to be familiar with common acronyms, but there's no way I'm going to remember all of those without spending an extended amount of time in France. I would like to commit to memory the top 25-30 that are most important and most likely to be needed in conversation/getting around.
Can a native French person take a look at the list and pick out the ones which you know to be most crucial? I suppose this is somewhat subjective, but I feel it's a legitimate question.