Examples:
我姓李。
我名字叫张。
Why not 我姓叫李?
From my answer to this question: Why is there such a difference between "first name" and "last name"?
"你姓什么?" - the noun '姓' here is acting like a verb (is family-named)
.......
We only use 名字 as a noun, therefore we need a verb '是'(is) or '叫'(called) when asking what is someone's name. e.g. "你的名字是什么" or "你的名字叫什么"
When you say "我姓李", the word "姓" is acting like a verb
"我[姓]李" = "I [am family-named] Lee"
When you say 我名字叫李小龍, 名字 cannot only be treated as a noun, not a verb, therefore you need to add a verb '是'(is) or '叫'(called)
From another related post: What happens when you use the individual characters in 姓氏 and 名字?*
For example:
曹操 Cao Cao
姓:曹 (is last-named: Cao)
名:操 (is first-named:Cao)
字:孟德 (is courtesy-named: Meng Deo)
When you use just 名 instead of 名字 , you can omit "叫" and treat "名" like a verb, and say "我姓曹名操" instead of "我姓曹, 名字叫操"
The reason for omitting "叫" is: "名" (is first-named) already acting as a verb, the verb "叫" (is called) is redundant