How can I write characters outside a table?

Question

I have a table and I would like to know how can I write specific text outside the table, all around the table.

A simple example is this:

Above the table: a b c

RHS of the table: d e f

LHS of the table: g h i

Below the table: j k l

In a way that those letters are aligned to the rows and columns respectively.

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[H]
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
        a & b & c \\
        \hline
        d & e & f \\
        \hline
        h & i & j \\
        \hline
    \end{tabular}

\end{table}

\end{document}

Could someone tell me how can I do this?

Thanks in advance

Something like as is shown in https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/512393/labeling-the-rows-of-a-matrix-with-letters ? — Zarko, Nov 26 '19 at 17:32
@Zarko yes. Though in my case requires also on the RHS and below the table. — I likeThatMeow, Nov 26 '19 at 17:39

Tiuri · Accepted Answer · 2019-11-26T17:55:41.477

7

Maybe not the most elegant, but works:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{float}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[H]
    \centering
    \newcommand{\myline}{\cline{2-4}}
    \newcommand{\noline}[1]{\multicolumn{1}{c}{#1}}
    \begin{tabular}{c|c|c|c|c}
        \noline{} & \noline{a} & \noline{b} & \noline{c} & \\
        \myline
        g & a & b & c & d \\
        \myline
        h & d & e & f & e \\
        \myline
        i & h & i & j & f \\
        \myline
        \noline{} & \noline{j} & \noline{k} & \noline{l} &
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}

Some comments:

I added a column each left and right without a vertical line | in front/after. So these columns are outside of the "outer frame" of the table.
I didn't start or end with a \hline so that the first and last row are outside of the "outer frame" of the table.
I use \cline{2-4} instead of \hline to have the vertical lines not extend to the two outermost columns.
I use \multicolumn{1}{c} to remove the vertical lines around the cells in the first and last row.

edited Nov 26 '19 at 17:55

answered Nov 26 '19 at 17:41

Tiuri

7,749

1

oh, it is quite elegant. I only would define new command, for example \newcommand\mc[1]{\multicolumn{1}{c}{#1}} and than use \mc{...} in table body. – Zarko Nov 26 '19 at 17:49
@Zarko: Good idea. I updated the answer with two new macros. – Tiuri Nov 26 '19 at 17:55
Thank you, works nice! – I likeThatMeow Nov 26 '19 at 18:09
...or just \newcommand{\mc}{\multicolumn{1}{c}}. – Werner Nov 26 '19 at 18:27

score 6 · Answer 2 · answered Nov 26 '19 at 19:46

Just for fun a version using a tikz matrix:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[cell/.style={rectangle,draw=black}, nodes in empty cells]
  \matrix(table)[
  matrix of nodes,
  row sep =-\pgflinewidth,
  column sep = -\pgflinewidth,
  nodes={anchor=center,text height=2ex,text depth=0.25ex, minimum width=1cm, fill=none, draw=black},
  column 1/.style = {nodes={draw=none}},
  column 5/.style = {nodes={draw=none}},
  row 1/.style={nodes={draw=none}},
  row 5/.style={nodes={draw=none}},
  ] 
  {  & a & b & c &   \\
   g & a & b & c & d \\
   h & d & e & f & e \\
   i & h & i & j & f \\
     & j & k & l &  \\
  };
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Thank you for the alternative! – I likeThatMeow Nov 27 '19 at 00:21 — I likeThatMeow, Nov 27 '19 at 00:21

score 1 · Answer 3 · answered Jul 23 '21 at 09:34

With {NiceTabular} of nicematrix.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix}
\begin{document}
\begin{NiceTabular}{ccc}[first-row,last-row,first-col,last-col,hvlines]
  & a & b & c \
g & a & b & c & d \
h & d & e & f & e \
i & h & i & j & f \
  & j & k & l \
\end{NiceTabular}
\end{document}

You need several compilations (because nicematrix uses PGF/Tikz nodes under the hood).

benjamin · Answer 4 · 2021-07-23T11:54:54.950

1

With tabularray:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\begin{document}
\section{Manually}
\begin{tblr}{
hline{2-6} = {2-4}{solid},
vline{2-5} = {2-5}{solid},
}
  & 1 & 2 & 3 &  \
a & X & Y & Z & b\
c & U & S & T & d\
e & N & M & O & f\
g & J & K & L & h\
  & i & ii & iii & \
\end{tblr}
\section{Automated}
\begin{tblr}{
hline{2-\value{rowcount}} = {2-\numexpr\value{colcount}-1}{solid},
vline{2-\value{colcount}} = {2-\numexpr\value{rowcount}-1}{solid},
}
  & 1 & 2 & 3 &  \
a & X & Y & Z & b\
c & U & S & T & d\
e & N & M & O & f\
g & J & K & L & h\
  & i & ii & iii & \
\end{tblr}
\end{document}

edited Jul 23 '21 at 11:54

answered Jul 23 '21 at 11:16

benjamin

583

You can write hline{2-Y} = {2-Y}{solid} and vline{2-Y} = {2-Y}{solid} with the latest source code of tabularray (will be released as version 2021M scheduled on 1st August). X, Y, Z always stand for the last three childs, respectively. – L.J.R. Jul 23 '21 at 12:05

How can I write characters outside a table?

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