I am using Charter for math (mathdesign package) and Bitstream Vera for body text (through XeLaTeX's fontspec package. However, when using things like \text{} in math mode, the text still appears in the Vera font. It's hard to explain without a visual, so here is one now:
$$\Delta v = v_\text{exhaust} \ln \frac{m_\text{initial}}{m_\text{final}}$$
Which returns the following image:

I would like to know how I can make the words 'exhaust', 'initial', and 'final' use the Charter font like the rest of the equation.
\textis meant for producing text mode material, not math mode text. Are you looking for\mathrm? – Joseph Wright Jan 28 '15 at 21:24\mathrmfrom now on. – Eric Jan 28 '15 at 21:29\mathrm,\mathit,\mathup,\text,\textup,\textrm,\textitin math mode. I have myself doubts about their use. – Manuel Jan 28 '15 at 21:49