You may use array_column to achieve that
$flatten = array_column($array, 'referrer_id');
You can also use array_map and array_values together.
$array = [
[
"referrer_id" => "usr157"
],
[
"referrer_id" => "usr42"
]
];
$flatten = array_map(function($item) {
return array_values($item)[0];
}, $array);
var_dump($flatten);
Also you can use the one-liner if you're using latest version of php that support arrow function
$flatten = array_map(fn($item) => array_values($item)[0], $array);
Or without array_values, you may specify the key
$flatten = array_map(fn($item) => $item['referrer_id'], $array);
You can see the demo here