Determine the error message in a global exception handler instead of where it crashes

Question

Instead of this:

def function():
    try:
        0/0
    except Exception: # i know this is bad error handling but its just an example
        print("Crashed in function")

I want this:

def function():
    0/0

# gets called when theres an exception
def exception_handler(exc): # exc in some way contains everything about the exception
    if exc == something # something that will determine that it occurred inside of function()
        print("Crashed in function")

I want this because it's cleaner code and better performance.