How to call a function, it define in another function in python?

Question

def out():
   var1 = "abc"
   print(var1)

   def inner():
      var2 = "def"

I want to call only "Inner" function... the final output should print only var2 not var1...

Thank you in advance

You'll have to move `inner()` and add a `print` call for `var2`. This is unrelated to django and tkinter btw. — Chris_Rands, Apr 06 '17 at 07:53
Why dont you have just two different functions? is it some requirement in your project? — danglingpointer, Apr 06 '17 at 07:54
How can you want `var2` to be printed when you have no `print(var2)`? How do you want to call the function if you don't even return it in any way? Please, clarify your question. — Dimitris Fasarakis Hilliard, Apr 06 '17 at 08:01

score 1 · Answer 1 · answered Apr 06 '17 at 08:21

1

If you don't want to run some part of the function 'out' you could use parameters.

def out(choice=True):
  if choice :
    var1 = "abc"
    print(var1)
 else :
    def inner():
       var2 = "def"
       print(var2)
    inner()

answered Apr 06 '17 at 08:21

NoOne

29
5

score 0 · Answer 2 · answered Apr 06 '17 at 08:01

You will not be able to call inner from outside the out function, since inner is only defined inside out, unless you create a reference to inner from outside the out function. In addition, inner is not outputting anything since it does not have a print statement.

To combat this, you have two options:

Place inner in a broader scope (i.e. outside out) and add to it a print(var1) statement.
If it is required to have the inner function be inside out then just return inner as a closure from out, with the print statement also inside inner; or just call it from inside out. This has a side-effect of also executing whatever statements are inside out up to returning the closure.

"You will not be able to call inner from outside the out function" — timgeb, Apr 06 '17 at 11:17

score 0 · Answer 3 · edited May 23 '17 at 12:25

0

The method your trying is called as nested functions:

You can chek this answer for information about nested function in Python.

Some other information about closure

Another method is,

def fun1():
    x = 11
    def fun2(a=a):
        print x
    fun2()

fun1()

Output:

prints 11

Example 2:

def f1(x):
    def add(y):
        return x + y
    return add

res = f1(5)
print(res(10))  # prints 15

edited May 23 '17 at 12:25

Community

1
1

answered Apr 06 '17 at 08:03

danglingpointer

4,388
3
22
40

Your first example is wrong. It gives an error saying a is undefined. Also, a colon is needed at the end of 'def fun2(a=a)'. – alanf Apr 06 '17 at 08:22
I missed the colon didnt notice that.. Would you provide the logs of undefined, I explained here the usage of inner functions in python. – danglingpointer Apr 06 '17 at 08:27

How to call a function, it define in another function in python?

3 Answers3