It would be something like this, though it is hard to give you guidance without more details. The example below queries a URL every 15 seconds, and if the response is different than the previous request it will update content on the page dynamically.
var previousData = "";
setInterval(function(){
$.get("http://dariuscode.com/junk/ajaxdemo.php", function(data) {
if(data != previousData) {
$("#theContent").html(data);
previousData = data;
}
});
}, 15000);
If you'd like a full example see the following fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/BgPb5/
Please note if you need truly real-time updates on changes you'll need to use something that creates a persistent connection, not AJAX.