I need to test strike (butterfly) arbitrage on a discrete implied volatility grid.
I know that the traditional procedure for continuous case is (for a given maturity T):
- See the Dupire formula in terms of implied volatility (and not in terms of option prices). You can find it here.
- Check if the denominator of Dupire formula is positive for every K
The Dupire denominator from step 2 contains derivatives, thus it relies on the fact that the implied volatility surface is continuous.
Now, back to my discrete grid of implied volatility. How can I transform step 2 (with derivatives), in a condition adapted for discrete grid?