I'm out for a very long walk, and I’m bored, so I decide to walk in a mathematical way.
The first image shows the first 500 steps, and the second image is my path after 50000 steps. The colors are mostly for visualization purposes.
My path is not random, so how did I select my path? Please let me know if you need hints.
It looks like you start
drawing a dot for $n=0$ at (1, 0)
and then
process to walk 'eastwards' (in the positive x direction) and draw a dot for each $n$
and
make a 90° turn left when $n$ is prime.
Glorfindel solved this in a few minutes, but for your entertainment I would like to show the "solution" as a Python script. Download the prime number file from https://primes.utm.edu/lists/small/millions/
Note that the code could be optimized. It updates the figure for 1 million steps in about a minute on my pc.
(sorry, can't wrap the code in spoiler tags)
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
#Use seperate window for plot (when run from Spyder)
if any('SPYDER' in name for name in os.environ):
from IPython import get_ipython
get_ipython().run_line_magic('matplotlib', 'qt')
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def fib(n):
#iterator for Fibonacci sequence
a, b = 1, 1
for _ in range(n):
yield a
a, b = b, a + b
def annot(plist, index, ymax):
x=plist[index][1]
y=plist[index][2]
p=plist[index][0]
plt.annotate(str(p),xy=(x,y),xytext=(x+10,y+ymax//10),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle= '->', color='blue',lw=0.5) )
def readPrimes():
# read prime number sequence from file
#fileName = 'primes-to-100k.txt' ## from https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/prime-number-lists.html
fileName = 'primes1.txt' ## from https://primes.utm.edu/lists/small/millions/
with open(fileName) as f:
#skip header
for i in range(3):
_ =f.readline()
strPrimes=f.read().split()
return np.array([int(p) for p in strPrimes])
return None
def sequenceSnake(N=1000, D=4, sequence =None):
if sequence is None:
primes=np.array(readPrimes())
sequence=primes
def isInSequence(n):
index=np.searchsorted(sequence,n)
return n==sequence[index]
def getCoords4(pos, dir):
x=pos[0]
y=pos[1]
if dir==0:
return x+1,y
if dir==1:
return x,y+1
if dir==2:
return x-1,y
if dir==3:
return x,y-1
def getCoords8(pos, dir):
x=pos[0]
y=pos[1]
if dir==0:
return x+1,y
if dir==1:
return x+1,y+1
if dir==2:
return x,y+1
if dir==3:
return x-1,y+1
if dir==4:
return x-1,y
if dir==5:
return x-1,y-1
if dir==6:
return x,y-1
if dir==7:
return x+1,y-1
dir=0
x,y=(0,0)
p=1
ymax=0
xlist=[]
ylist=[]
clist=[]
plist=[]
for i in range(0,N):
if D==4:
x,y=getCoords4((x,y),dir)
else:
x,y=getCoords8((x,y),dir)
if i >= sequence[-1]:
print("warning: out of range, i="+str(i))
break
if isInSequence(i):
p=i
plist.append((p,x,y))
dir=(dir+1)%D
#print(i, dir)
if np.abs(y)>ymax:
ymax=np.abs(y)
clist.append(p)
xlist.append(x)
ylist.append(y)
return xlist, ylist, clist,plist,ymax
showAnnotate=False
showFirstAndLastPrime=True
drawLine=False
n=10000
seqType=0
seq=None # default is prime number sequence.
#different sequences to test
if seqType==1:
#fibonacci sequence
seq=np.array(list(fib(1000)))
elif seqType==2:
#square sequence
seq=np.arange(1000)**2
elif seqType==3:
#cumulative random sequence
seq=np.random.randint(10, size=10000)
seq=np.cumsum(seq)
xlist, ylist, clist,plist, ymax = sequenceSnake(N=n, D=4, sequence=seq)
if drawLine:
plt.plot(xlist,ylist, 'k-')
plt.scatter(xlist, ylist, marker='.', c=clist, cmap=plt.cm.prism)
if showAnnotate:
for i,item in enumerate(plist):
if i%100== 0:
annot(plist,i, ymax)
if showFirstAndLastPrime:
annot(plist,0, ymax)
annot(plist,-1, ymax)
plt.show()
And a picture of about 1 million steps...
Edit: For fun, also an image with directions:E, NE, N, NW, W, SW, S, SE instead of only E, N, W, S
