Try This Code
app/code/VendoreName/ModuleName/view/frontend/layout
default.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<page xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" layout="1column" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:View/Layout/etc/page_configuration.xsd">
<body>
<referenceContainer name="main.content">
<block class="Magento\Framework\View\Element\Template" name="custom-block-name" template="VendoreName_ModuleName::showcartnumber.phtml" before="-"/>
</referenceContainer>
</body>
</page>
app/code/VendoreName/ModuleName/view/frontend/templates
showcartnumber.phtml
<?php
$objectManager = \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance();
$cart = $objectManager->get('\Magento\Checkout\Model\Cart');
$cart_id=$cart->getQuote()->getId();
if ($cart_id) {
?>
<h1>Cart Number : <?php echo $cart_id; ?> </h1>
<?php
}
?>