Can i use the っ to replace the ん in こんにちは, it would still be konnichiwa right? If i can't then please explain to me why.
1 Answers
This is why you shouldn't rely on romanization while learning Japanese phonology. Looking through the lens of romaji, っ and ん may certainly seem to do more or less the same thing: きっさ kissa, はっぱ happa, あんな anna, and ぐんま gumma (the last one may vary according to the practice). This is because romaji aims to make Japanese pronunciation friendly to those who read Roman alphabet, and not to reflect its internal mechanism.
The truth is, っ and ん represent their own, what is called "moraic phoneme", respectively.
- っ: moraic obstruent //Q//*
- ん: moraic nasal //N//*
Confusingly, they don't have single fixed sound values on their own, but have different realization depending on what comes after (or lack thereof), as in below (or see this answer for deeper analyses):
新 しん shin //ɕiN// [[ɕĩ ~ ɕĩɴ]]
新米 しんまい shimmai //ɕiNmai// [[ɕĩmmɐi]]
新年 しんねん shinnen //ɕiNneN// [[ɕĩnnẽ(ɴ)]]
新型 しんがた shingata** //ɕiNgata// [[ɕĩŋŋɐ(~ ɡɐ ~ ɣɐ)tɐ]]
The cheat sheet is that when you see m or n doubled in romaji, it represents ん + [next consonant], and everything else doubled is っ + [next consonant]. So konnichiwa never stands for こっにちは. こんにちは can never be spelled こっにちは. And こっにちは does not exist as a word.
Then is こっにちは unpronounceable? Not necessarily. Such kind of combination does exist in colloquial Japanese and is actively used. But I doubt if there is any romanization method that can transcribe it, because they're never expected to appear as long as you speak in "good grammar", so far.
Incidentally, I can probably show their contrast if I can assume you speak Vietnamese. A Vietnamese phrasebook for Japanese tourists by Vietnam Airlines gives the pronunciation ヴィエッナーム for Việt Nam, while チュエンヴィエン for chuyên viên. Thus I can say that replacing こんにちは with こっにちは would be as different as that of viên + nam with viêt + nam.
*: In academic literature, they are likely printed in small caps; if your environment supports them: //ꞯ// and //ɴ//
**: Note that even romaji does not write it "phonetically" like *shinggata, because it is natural in European languages that an n followed by g changes into ng sound.
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こっにちはrather thanこんにちは. – Oct 14 '19 at 11:53真+中, it becomes真ん中: "maNnaka". Since the successive consonant is voiced consonant, nasal sound ん is added in the middle. But this time,こんinこんにちはshould be regarded as one word. So, the theory does not apply. – kimi Tanaka Oct 14 '19 at 13:50真+中⇨真ん中(中のなが有声子音により) ,真+黒⇨真っ黒(黒のくが無声子音により) というルールがある。でも、「こんにちは」の「ん」は、こ+にち+はから派生した訳ではない(今{こん} + 日{にち} + は)ので、こっにちはになったりしない、と解釈しています。 – kimi Tanaka Oct 14 '19 at 23:15nnを二つ並べて促音にする表記はないし、区切り方としては、『こん: "kon" +にち: "nichi" +は: "wa" 』 もしくはキーボード入力では、『こ: "ko" +ん: "nn" +に: "ni" +ち: "chi" +は: "wa" 』と表示するのが通常と考えています。 – kimi Tanaka Oct 15 '19 at 11:54