I am trying to understand whether the ruby text in ancient scripture is essential to the meaning of a verse, or if the scripture can be understood without it. For instance, can this verse:

be understood equally well without the ruby text, like this:

I am trying to understand whether the ruby text in ancient scripture is essential to the meaning of a verse, or if the scripture can be understood without it. For instance, can this verse:

be understood equally well without the ruby text, like this:

It's probably only essential for an unusual reading of kanji. Even then, if you know what the kanji means, it's only essential for the pronunciation and not the meaning.
The ruby text doesn't change the meaning of the words in this case, but it's still useful as a reading aid. That is, the reader may expect unusual readings because of the unusual context (ancient scripture). The ruby text is an assurance that you can read in the usual way.