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I can't understand the difference between うち and よそ. I learned that they are used in polite speech, for example:

╔════════╦═════════╦═════════════╗
║        ║  うち    ║   よそ      ║
╠════════╬═════════╬═════════════╣
║ 言います║ 申します ║ おっしゃいます║
╚════════╩═════════╩═════════════╝
buskila
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  • ?? What is うちよそ？Is it a grammatical term? ... I guess うち refers to '1st person pronouns' and よそ refers to '2nd and 3rd person pronouns'?? I'm not sure...Edit: Ah, うち refers to 謙譲語[けんじょうご/humble form] and よそ refers to 尊敬語[そんけいご/honorific form], right? –  May 31 '12 at 06:10
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    Surely, you mean the うち・そと distinction...? – Zhen Lin May 31 '12 at 07:16
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    @ZhenLin, You reminded me of 鬼は外, 福は内. (Sorry this might be quite irrelevant.) –  May 31 '12 at 07:23
  • @Chocolate: I dont think it is a grammatical term and this is the reason i am asking the question. As i have mentioned, i looked it up myself before asking.

    ZhenLin: No, it is よそ - again, i did some research before asking.

    To the anonymous downvoter: I am all for feedback. Could be nice to know why is the downvote.

     – buskila May 31 '12 at 10:25
  • @OlegLevy, Please try googling with keywords "身内　よそ様　敬語" , then you'll find many pages written about Japanese keigo. (They are all written in Japanese, though...) –  May 31 '12 at 17:52

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敬語[けいご/keigo] has three different forms: "丁寧語[ていねいご/the polite form]・尊敬語[そんけいご/the honorific form]・謙譲語[けんじょうご/the humble form]". 言う is the dictionary form. 言います is the polite form (丁寧語). 申す(usually used to say [EDIT:] "Someone in the speaker's in-group says") is the humble form (謙譲語) and 申します is the polite form of 申す. おっしゃる(used to say [EDIT:] "Someone to whom the speaker has to show his respect says") is the honorific form (尊敬語) and おっしゃいます is the polite form of おっしゃる. By the way, I've never heard うち・よそ used as grammatical terms...

  • It just occurred to me that うち might mean [身内]{みうち} and よそ might mean [よそ様]{よそさま}...? (Sorry if I'm off the point again!) –  May 31 '12 at 07:45
  • I suspect it's 他所［よそ］. – Amadan May 31 '12 at 15:20
  • Dangit, [他所]{よそ} (had to look up formatting for ruby :P ) – Amadan May 31 '12 at 15:27
  • Yeah I know よそ is written as 他所 (or余所) in kanji, but we usually write it in hiragana in modern Japanese/daily use... still it is unfamiliar to me as a grammatical term. Now I googled "身内　よそ様　敬語", then there are a lot of pages talking about/explaining Japanese keigo. –  May 31 '12 at 17:47
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    I do not know where the OP got the table from, but I assume that it is from some material for learning Japanese. And it seems that the author of the material chose the uncommon labels うち and よそ to avoid the technical terms 尊敬語 and 謙譲語 for whatever reasons (maybe because they sound too technical?). – Tsuyoshi Ito May 31 '12 at 23:46
  • I think that the grammatical term “尊敬語” is usually translated as “respectful form.” “Honorific” corresponds to the broad term 敬語. – Tsuyoshi Ito May 31 '12 at 23:48
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    Sometimes 謙譲語 is used for he/she e.g. 私の妻が参ります. This is exactly why it is important to understand the うち/そと concept. – dainichi Jun 01 '12 at 03:15
  • @TsuyoshiIto indeed, i took it from my textbook. I also asked one of my teachers and she confirmed that this terminology is not common and only used at this specific school – buskila Jun 02 '12 at 12:41
  • @TsuyoshiItosan, I think sawa-san made OP's text into the table. There was no table when I first saw the post, and it showed up after sawa-san edited it. –  Jun 02 '12 at 16:49
  • @dainichisan, Ahh yes you're right, now I edited some part of my post. (難しい！><) –  Jun 02 '12 at 17:07
  • Ah, now I see that the table is not by OP. (It is not by sawa either, though. Louis converted the text to a table in revision 2.) Thanks for pointing it out! – Tsuyoshi Ito Jun 03 '12 at 01:15