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In die deutsche Sprache haben viele jiddische (jüdische) Begriffe Eingang gehalten. Ich würde gerne eine Sammlung starten, und habe Community-Wiki-Fragen so verstanden, als seien diese genau dafür gemacht.

Auf geht's:

  • Tacheles reden (Klartext reden)
  • koscher sein (sauber, regelkonform sein)
  • meschugge (bescheuert)
Wrzlprmft
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user unknown
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    "Let's talk tachlis...", as in "let's get down to brass tacks", seems to me to be very much an Americanism; if it's used in German, I don't think it came from Europe. At least I haven't come across "reden tachlis" in a Yiddish text. I see "tachlis" usually in the sense of purpose or destiny, as in the case of someone embarking on a course of life towards a definite goal. – Marty Green Sep 13 '11 at 00:51
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    Liste deutscher Wörter aus dem Hebräischen – tohuwawohu Sep 13 '11 at 05:28
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    @Marty Green תּכלית רעדן > takhles redn > "Zweckmäßiges reden, zur Sache kommen"; siehe: http://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Tacheles_reden – feeela Sep 13 '11 at 10:38
  • Interesting that your source calls this a 20th-century import into German. I still think this suggest an American provenance: the American "let's talk turkey" was humorously transformed by Jewish immigrants into "let's talk tachlis", which apparently has currency in German as "tachlis reden". It's not a phrase I've encountered in older European literature. – Marty Green Sep 13 '11 at 12:44
  • Oha - die Liste enthält ja einiges überraschendes für mich, konterkariert aber dieses Community-Wiki vielleicht etwas - man müßte es quasi en bloc übernehmen, minus der Spalten, die nicht gefragt sind (qua Beispiel) und minus der Zeilen, die wir schon haben. – user unknown Sep 14 '11 at 01:35
  • Wird zum Jahresende nicht auch immer erklärt, dass der "Gute Rutsch" seine Wurzeln im jiddischen hat? – Arsak Apr 08 '17 at 19:10

3 Answers3

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Es zieht wie 'Hechtsuppe' kommt wohl auch aus dem Jiddischen.

V15I0N
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  • Noch eines fällt mir gerade ein:: 'Kluft', auch wenn es gewisse andere Assoziationen wecken mag. – V15I0N Sep 12 '11 at 22:20
  • Kannst Du Dein eigenes Posting nicht ergänzen? Und: Welche gewisse Assoziation erweckt 'Kluft'? – user unknown Sep 12 '11 at 23:08
  • Siehe auch https://german.stackexchange.com/questions/39276/woher-kommt-der-ausspruch-es-zieht-wie-hechtsuppe – knut Sep 24 '17 at 18:36
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  • Schlamassel (Gegenteil von Masel tov)
  • mauscheln (flüstern)
  • Mischpoke (die bucklige Verwandtschaft :) )
  • malochen (schuften)

schon bin ich mit meinem Jiddisch am Ende

Hauser
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  • Tacheles wird schon in meiner Frage gesprochen. Malochen ist jiddisch? Mischpoke habe ich u.a. gesucht, aber kam nicht drauf. – user unknown Sep 12 '11 at 23:06
  • Malochen is never a verb in Yiddish, but a baal-melocha is a tradesmen, e.g. carpenter, shoemaker, wagon-driver etc. Mauscheln is a funny case; it's not a word in Yiddish, but I understand that it was adopted as a name for the Yiddish-colored underworld slang. Since the au diphthong in Yiddish is pronounced "oy", it seems to mean to carry on in the style of "moyshe". – Marty Green Sep 13 '11 at 00:40
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    @Marty: It seems your're partly right - it isn't a yiddish verb but a noun stemming from biblical hebrew - see „Maloche“ from the german Wikipedia. – tohuwawohu Sep 13 '11 at 05:41
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In the comments on a previous answer we are referred to a list of Yiddish words in German. I have to comment on the entry for "shicksa" (non-Jewish woman). The list derives this from the supposed Hebrew word for Christian, "shiks" (sic). The word actually comes from the Hebrew "shikur", meaning drunk. I have to wonder: is "shicker" not known to German-speakers as slang for inebriated?

Marty Green
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  • Regarding שיכּור‎: You're right, the Duden has beschickern as verb and beschickert as adjective, describing the result. Regarding שיקסע: I doubt whether your etymology is correct. The german and english Wikipedia derive it from שקץ, which sounds reasonable to me. – tohuwawohu Sep 25 '11 at 07:40
  • You maybe right about the etymology; my version may be a folkloric legend after all. The spelling is a clue (the qof versus the kaph) that something doesn't fit. But what is your Hebrew shkotz? (or sheketz?) – Marty Green Sep 25 '11 at 12:27
  • There's a noun שֶקֶץ in biblical hebrew, (Lev 7, 21; 11, 10-13/20/23/41/42; Jes 66, 17; Ezra 8, 10 - as listed by Gesenius) and also a verb with the root שקץ (e.g. Lev 11, 43; 20, 25). Jastrow's dictionary has some references to rabbinical literature for שֶקֶץ, too, and also for שִקְצָה (shiqzah, pl. שִקְצֵי shiqzey). Just out of curiosity, i checked two ivrith dictionaries (NTC and Langenscheidt), they still have שֶקֶץ in the meaning of "unclean creature", "abomination". – tohuwawohu Sep 25 '11 at 16:47
  • Maybe we were better off just to leave it as "drunkard". – Marty Green Sep 25 '11 at 17:18
  • "schicker" for inebriated and "schickern" for to get drunk are known in some regions of Germany, e.g. in Münster (Westphalia) where there is a local lingo called "Masematte" which is a blend of Yiddish and Sinti/Roma language that was originally used as a secret language to keep things from the knowledge of the authorities. – deesnook Apr 08 '17 at 12:29