As far as I'm aware, it was a criminal offence to falsify a birth certificate in New York in 1927.
That is not to say that people didn't do it, as evidenced by the case of the notorious child-trafficker Georgia Tann. Interestingly, the bill that sealed adoption records in NY state was signed by acting NY Governor Lehman, who had adopted his children from Georgia Tann. It has been suggested that these facts are not unconnected.
If the person giving the child up for adoption, or the attorney representing them at the Supreme Court (or a third-party intermediary) falsified the papers, then they would have been committing a criminal offence. However, detecting it or proving it from the records at this distance in time would be extremely difficult, if not impossible.
If the person named as the birth mother had other children, and you were able to locate them (or their descendants), and you could persuade them to give their consent, then it is possible that a DNA test could resolve the question.