What would happen if someone ran a nondeterministic smart contract on the blockchain, for example, by using a oracle to get the current time and basing the output on that?
Would the block just be thrown out and another block without the contract be accepted instead?
You can't run a non-deterministic transaction, all transactions are deterministic.
Oracle data is sent to the network in a transaction. This transaction is accepted into a block, and all nodes validating that block will be seeing the same transaction containing the same data from the oracle.
