With a plural, we use "the" to indicate some specific set.
For example, suppose I said, "Some of the boys in our school are very tall. Tall boys are good basketball players." Because I didn't use "the" in front of "tall boys", I mean that all tall boys are good basketball players. (Not literally true of course but I'm just trying to make an example.) So I'm saying that as some of the boys in our school are tall, and tall boys are good basketball players, that these boys must be good basketball players.
But suppose instead I said, "Some of the boys in our school are very tall. The tall boys are good basketball players." By using "the", I am limiting the meaning to some specific tall boys. In context, the tall boys in our school. So in this case I am not saying that all tall boys are good basketball players, but only that the tall boys in our school are good basketball players. Other tall boys may or may not be good basketball players.
In your example, without more context I can't say which meaning is meant. Does the writer mean to say that some specific feedback loops that he is talking about in context cause this strain? Or does he mean that any feedback loop causes this strain?
In some cases the meaning may not really be changed. If in context he was talking about all feedback loops, then whether he says "feedback loops" in general or "the feedback loops" specifically, he's still talking about all feedback loops.