Questions tagged [definition]

Questions about how economic terms, quantities, or ideas can be defined.

208 questions
6
votes
3 answers

Are logarithmic values ​used in finance?

In engineering (in particular, in fiber optics), the logarithmic form of representing numbers is often used. It is convenient if the value sequentially passes through a series of points with input and output. And at each point, the output value is…
Arseniy
  • 163
  • 4
6
votes
1 answer

A guide to hyphenation in economics?

In the econ literature, what is the convention when it comes to (not) hypenating some common terms like: first(-?)best, second(-?)best,... best(-?)response? ... The Economist suggests that "There is no firm rule to help you decide which words are…
Martin Van der Linden
  • 5,237
  • 23
  • 43
5
votes
2 answers

What is the general definition of an "investment bank"?

I'm reading "Too Big To Fail" about the 2007 financial crisis, and there's a lot of discussion about the big investment banks: JP Morgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers, etc. I've understood the strict definition of "investment…
Deane
  • 447
  • 3
  • 6
3
votes
2 answers

Why was the term 'Economic Rent' chosen? How does it relate to the ordinary meaning of 'rent'?

Pindyck, Rubinfeld. Microeconomics (2017 9 ed). pp. 314-315. Etymonline substantiates that 'rent' originally didn't mean the microeconomics meaning overhead: no surprise, as microeconomics is a recent discipline. So please see the titled…
user4020
2
votes
2 answers

Can we rank stochastic dominance of distribution functions that belong to the same class?

The actual distributions I am dealing with are not uniform, but to keep it simple, consider two uniform distributions, one on [1, 2] and the other on [0,2]. Can we say that the first FOSDs the second? Further, if we have a multitude of distributions…
Adam
  • 81
  • 5
2
votes
1 answer

Economic term for relation between drug and companion diagnositic

I'm looking for economic terminology which must exist, although I don't know what it is. (I want to look up articles on a particular situation involving two real-world companies.) Here is the situation: Company A is developing a diagnostic test…
2
votes
2 answers

Can You Help Me Understand this Definition of Economic Efficiency

Economic Efficiency: "A broad term that implies an economic state in which every resource is optimally allocated to serve each person in the best way while minimizing waste and inefficiency. " And here's the part I don't understand: "When an economy…
leeand00
  • 177
  • 1
  • 8
1
vote
1 answer

Correct Usage of Ex-ante & Ex-post

Trying to provide precise but intuitive explanations on how the terms "ex-ante" and "ex-post" are used in economics and in the context of econometrics (e.g., impact study, randomized controlled trials). Another two terms students get confused are:…
Frank Swanton
  • 1,231
  • 12
  • 19
1
vote
1 answer

Is there an accepted definition of what a “shortage” is in economics?

Laymen often talk about “shortages” in the economy. But is there an accepted definition of what a “shortage” is from the perspective of economics as a science?
JonathanReez
  • 438
  • 2
  • 10
1
vote
2 answers

Difference between „equal variables“

Consider for example a production function with one variable. Let’s say the function is f:R->R y=I, where y is the quantity produced and I is the quantity of some input used for production. In this situation the quantity of some good produced and…
Nige
  • 11
  • 2
1
vote
2 answers

Durable/non-durable good industries

How to define durable/non-durable good industries? For example, is the industry of Wholesale and retail trades defined as durable good industry? Thanks in advance.
Carl
  • 167
  • 4
1
vote
0 answers

How do you call systems in which the more you have, the more you make?

I am looking for a term for systems or dynamics in which the ability to earn a particular resource requires having a minimum of that resource available, and grows progressively or exponentially with it. I want to do some research on “you need money…
1
vote
0 answers

Why is a call option called 'call', and put option called 'put'?

I'm asking about etymology, and not what these options are. The answers beneath don't feel convincing; can't 'call' and 'put' be interchanged in them? I'll abbreviate Call Option to CO, and Put Option to PO. From Quant SE: Not as much on origin of…
user4020
1
vote
1 answer

What are 'Symmetric Agents' vs. 'Asymmetric Agents'?

Here is a contextual example from Landry et. al. 2006 : We concentrate on an economy with n symmetric agents who derive utility from consuming a numeraire good, yi, a public good at level G, and (possibly) from their own contribution bi to the …
orson
  • 39
  • 7
1
vote
2 answers

What is a merit good?

I just came across the concepts of merit and demerit goods for the first time, in the Cambridge A-level economics syllabus. I wasn't sure what they were. Is a merit good simply a good that has positive 'internalities' (benefits that the consumer is…
user18
1
2