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Why do functional programming languages require garbage collection?

What's stopping ghc from translating Haskell into a concatenative programming language such as combinatory logic and then simply using stack allocation for everything? According to Wikipedia, the translation from lambda calculus to combinatory logic…
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Irreducible languages

This is not necessarily a research question. Just a question out of curiosity: I am trying to understand if one can define "irreducible" languages. As a first guess I call a language L "reducible" if it can be written as $L = A \cdot B$ with $A \cap…
user35803
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On the realisation of monoids as syntactic monoids of languages

Let $L \subseteq X^{\ast}$ be some language, then we define the syntactic congruence as $$ u \sim v :\Leftrightarrow \forall x, y\in X^{\ast} : xuy \in L \leftrightarrow xvy \in L $$ and the quotient monoid $X^{\ast} / \sim_L$ is called the…
StefanH
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Is it NP-hard to find (the root of) a small decision tree for a monotone boolean function?

Last year I spent some time trying to prove or disprove the following: Conjecture. Consider a graph $G$ and define a 2-DNF formula $\phi$ that contains a term $x \land y$ iff $x\mathrel{-\!-}y$ is an edge of $G$. Now consider a decision tree $T$…
Radu GRIGore
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Most significant bit of integer multiplication and binary decision diagrams

Let $x$ and $y$ two binary numbers with $n$ bits and $z = x \cdot y\ $ the binary number (length $2n$) of the product of $x$ and $y$. We want to compute the most siginifcant bit $z_{2n-1}$ of the product $z = z_{2n-1} \ldots z_0$. In order to…
Marc Bury
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How to determine whether a proof requires "higher-order reasoning techniques"?

The question: Suppose I have a specification of a problem consisting of axioms and a goal (i.e. the associated proof problem is whether the goal is satisfiable given all the axioms). Let us also assume that the problem does not contain any…
Sylvia Grewe
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Reference request: a more complete "faster factorization into coprimes"

Some months ago, before the advent of "CS-Theory", I asked a question on MathOverflow about efficiently factoring an integer N into coprime factors n1 and n2, where n1 is a multiple of a given a factor d of N. One of the answers pointed me to Dan…
Niel de Beaudrap
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Complexity of approximating the range of a matrix

Given an $m$ by $n$ matrix $M$ with $m \leq n$ and elements from $\{-1,1\}$, let us define: $$S_M = |\{Mx : x \in \{-1,1\}^n\}|.$$ I believe that it is NP-hard to compute $S_M$ exactly, by applying the reductions from Decide whether a matrix's…
Simd
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Poly time superset of NP complete language with infinitely many strings excluded from it

For any arbitrary NP complete language is there always a polytime superset the complement of which is also infinite? A trivial version which does not stipulate the superset to have infinite complement has been asked at…
ARi
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Number of mincuts of a graph without using Karger's algorithm

We know that Karger's mincut algorithm can be used to prove (in a non-constructive way) that the maximum number of possible mincuts a graph can have is $n \choose 2$. I was wondering if we could somehow prove this identity by giving a bijective…
Akash Kumar
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4 answers

Theoretical computer science self-study resources for programmers

I am a pretty proficient software engineer, but I don't know much theory. I want to learn more theory. Particular topics that I am interested in are: computational complexity, formal languages, and type theory. But I am at a loss as for how to…
Henry H.
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2FA state complexity of k-Clique?

In simple form: Can a two-way finite automaton recognize $v$-vertex graphs that contain a triangle with $o(v^3)$ states? Details Of interest here are $v$-vertex graphs encoded using a sequence of edges, each edge being a pair of distinct vertices…
András Salamon
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15
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Potentially equal complexity classes without known contradictory relativizations

What are some examples of pairs of complexity classes $A$ and $B$ such that we do not know whether $A=B$, and we do not know contradictory relativizations either (i.e., we do not know oracles $P$ and $Q$ such that $A^P = B^P$ and $A^Q \ne…
Timothy Chow
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Given a 4-cycle free graph $G$, can we determine if it has a 3-cycle in quadratic time?

The $k$-cycle problem is as follows: Instance: An undirected graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and up to $n \choose 2$ edges. Question: Does there exist a (proper) $k$-cycle in $G$? Background: For any fixed $k$, we can solve $2k$-cycle in $O(n^2)$…
Michael Wehar
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Logical Reations for an Impredicative System in a Predicative MetaTheory

Logical Relations for Impredicative languages like System F seem to rely critically on impredicativity of the ambient logic. Specifically, the interpretation for the forall-type will be defined in terms of all typed relations. In an impredicative…
Max New
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