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Two papers I would include are:

  1. D. Kozen, "Indexing of subrecursive classes", STOC, 1978.

  2. R. Ladner, "On the Structure of Polynomial Time Reducibility", JACM, 1975.

Kaveh
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    this should be CW – Suresh Venkat Aug 31 '10 at 19:33
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    I agree with Suresh. Just to add: this question could probably be rephrased in such a way that it wouldn't need to be community wiki (e.g. "What should I read when starting with recursion theory?"), such that a single answer could suffice. It's currently too open-ended. – Shane Aug 31 '10 at 19:35
  • we should use this as an example for the FAQ – Suresh Venkat Aug 31 '10 at 23:07

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Hajek, P. Arithmetical hierarchy and complexity of computation. Theoret. Comp. Sci. 8 (2): 227-237, 1979. Started the study of the complexities of index sets (where their "complexities" often lie somewhere in the arithmetical hierarchy; see this answer to another question.)

On the study of polynomial-time degrees (buzzword="polynomial-time degree theory", for the sake of future searches) I'd say these papers are of interest (several of them are based on Ladner's technique):

Probably a forward and backwards reference search will find several more papers in the same area (though it's not that big an area!).

Joshua Grochow
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