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$H:\{0,1\}^{*} \rightarrow Z_{p}^{*}$

$H:\{0,1\}^{*} \rightarrow Z_{p}$

$H:\{0,1\}^{*} \rightarrow G_{1}^{*}$

$H:\{0,1\}^{*} \rightarrow G_{1}$

Difference meaning of $Z_{p}^{*}, Z_{p},G_{1}^{*},G_{1}$ ??

myat
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  • Please always try and include a reference to the specification where you found the notation. Often the notation is context specific or it may help us to answer the question. – Maarten Bodewes Jun 23 '16 at 15:10
  • Maarten Bodewes.Authenticated Identity-based encryption By Ben Lynn, Identity-based encryption from the weil pairing By Dan Boneh, Matthew Franklin – myat Jun 24 '16 at 05:21
  • The "*" symbols mean completely different things on the left and right side. Left side means repeat a bit, e.g. {0,1} an arbitrary number of times. Right side means, all elements but the zero element. –  Jun 25 '16 at 20:07

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