The pinyin for 生 is: shēng.
The pinyin for 先生 is: xiānsheng.
why does the tone change when it's part of a word?
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1I could do no better than to direct you to this Site -- https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/pronunciation/Tone_change_rules – Wayne Cheah Jul 24 '22 at 06:19
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The Chinese-speaking language prefers a sentence to have clear "low - hi" sounds between consecutive words for ease of pronouncing and listening. When two words in a phrase have the same tone, the second word is often pronounced shorter and faster (急促) with a lighter sound (輕聲). Therefore, 生 in 先(first tone)生(first tone) can be pronounced both as xiānsheng, and xiānshēng. Note the change of sound from normal tone to 輕聲 is not a rule, nor mandatory but a better practice.
將漢語中的音節弱化之後，聲調會變得又輕又短，此種音變即為輕聲。 輕聲的調值需要根據語境決定調值，所以輕聲音節不可能獨立存在。
例如：
第一聲+輕聲：釘子 叔叔 他的
第二聲+輕聲：鉗子 伯伯 誰的
第三聲+輕聲：剪子 姐姐 我的
第四聲+輕聲：刨子 妹妹 是的
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