United Nations geoscheme

22 geographical subregions as defined by the UNSD. Antarctica is not shown.

The United Nations geoscheme is a system that divides 248 countries and territories in the world into six continental regions, 22 geographical subregions, and two intermediary regions.[1] It was devised by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) based on the M49 coding classification.[2] The creators note that "the assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for statistical convenience and does not imply any assumption regarding political or other affiliation of countries or territories".[2]

The UNSD geoscheme was created for statistical analysis and consists of macro-geographical regions arranged to the extent possible according to continents.[2] Within each region, smaller geographical subregions and sometimes intermediary regions contain countries and territories. Countries and territories are also grouped non-geographically into selected economic and other sets, such as the landlocked developing countries, the least developed countries, and the Small Island Developing States.

Antarctica does not comprise any geographical subregions or country-level areas.

The UNSD geoscheme does not set a standard for the entire United Nations System, and it often differs from geographical definitions used by the autonomous United Nations specialized agencies for their own organizational convenience. For instance, the UNSD includes Cyprus and Georgia in Western Asia, yet the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and UNESCO include them in Europe.[3][4] This statistical definition also differs from United Nations Regional Groups.

Alternative groupings include the World Bank regional classification,[5] CIA World Factbook regions and Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers Geographic Regions.[6][7][8]

Maps

Africa

Northern Africa

  •  Algeria
  •  Egypt
  •  Libya
  •  Morocco
  •  Sudan
  •  Tunisia
  •  Western Sahara

Sub-Saharan Africa

Eastern Africa

  •  British Indian Ocean Territory
  •  Burundi
  •  Comoros
  •  Djibouti
  •  Eritrea
  •  Ethiopia
  •  French Southern Territories
  •  Kenya
  •  Madagascar
  •  Malawi
  •  Mauritius
  •  Mayotte
  •  Mozambique
  •  Réunion
  •  Rwanda
  •  Seychelles
  •  Somalia
  •  South Sudan
  •  Uganda
  •  United Republic of Tanzania
  •  Zambia
  •  Zimbabwe

Middle Africa

  •  Angola
  •  Cameroon
  •  Central African Republic
  •  Chad
  •  Congo
  •  Democratic Republic of the Congo
  •  Equatorial Guinea
  •  Gabon
  •  Sao Tome and Principe

Southern Africa

  •  Botswana
  •  Eswatini
  •  Lesotho
  •  Namibia
  •  South Africa

Western Africa

  •  Benin
  •  Burkina Faso
  •  Cabo Verde
  •  Côte d'Ivoire
  •  Gambia
  •  Ghana
  •  Guinea
  •  Guinea-Bissau
  •  Liberia
  •  Mali
  •  Mauritania
  •  Niger
  •  Nigeria
  •  Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
    •  Saint Helena
    •  Ascension Island
    •  Tristan da Cunha
  •  Senegal
  •  Sierra Leone
  •  Togo

Americas

Latin America and the Caribbean

Caribbean

  •  Anguilla[a]
  •  Antigua and Barbuda
  •  Aruba[b]
  •  Bahamas
  •  Barbados
  • Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba[c]
    •  Bonaire
    •  Sint Eustatius
    •  Saba
  •  British Virgin Islands[a]
  •  Cayman Islands[a]
  •  Cuba
  •  Curaçao[b]
  •  Dominica
  •  Dominican Republic
  •  Grenada
  •  Guadeloupe[d]
  •  Haiti
  •  Jamaica
  •  Martinique[d]
  •  Montserrat[a]
  •  Puerto Rico[e]
  •  Saint Barthélemy[f]
  •  Saint Kitts and Nevis
  •  Saint Lucia
  • Saint Martin (French part)[f]
  •  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  •  Sint Maarten (Dutch part)[b]
  •  Trinidad and Tobago
  •  Turks and Caicos Islands[a]
  •  United States Virgin Islands[g]

Central America

  •  Belize
  •  Costa Rica
  •  El Salvador
  •  Guatemala
  •  Honduras
  •  Mexico
  •  Nicaragua
  •  Panama

South America

  •  Argentina
  •  Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
  •  Bouvet Island[h]
  •  Brazil
  •  Chile
  •  Colombia
  •  Ecuador
  •  Falkland Islands[a]
  •  French Guiana[d]
  •  Guyana
  •  Paraguay
  •  Peru
  •  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands[a]
  •  Suriname
  •  Uruguay
  •  Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Northern America

  •  Bermuda[a]
  •  Canada
  •  Greenland[i]
  •  Saint Pierre and Miquelon[f]
  •  United States

Asia

Central Asia

  •  Kazakhstan
  •  Kyrgyzstan
  •  Tajikistan
  •  Turkmenistan
  •  Uzbekistan

Eastern Asia

Note on Taiwan

Several institutions and research papers using classification schemes based on the UN geoscheme include Taiwan separately in their divisions of Eastern Asia.

  1. The Unicode CLDR's "Territory Containment (UN M.49)" includes Taiwan in its presentation of the UN M.49.[9]
  2. The public domain map data set Natural Earth has metadata in the fields named "region_un" and "subregion" for Taiwan.
  3. The regional split recommended by Lloyd's of London for Eastern Asia (UN statistical divisions of Eastern Asia) contains Taiwan.[10]
  4. Based on the United Nations statistical divisions, the APRICOT (conference) includes Taiwan in East Asia.[11]
  5. Studying Website Usability in Asia, Ather Nawaz and Torkil Clemmensen select Asian countries on the basis of United Nations statistical divisions, and Taiwan is also included.[12]
  6. Taiwan is also included in the UN Geoscheme of Eastern Asia in one systematic review on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.[13]

Northern Asia

This subregion covers the entire geographical region of Siberia. Since this region as a whole falls under the transcontinental country of Russia, for statistical convenience, Russia is assigned under Eastern Europe by the UNSD, including both European Russia and Asian Russia under a single subregion. Hence there is no geopolitical entity that is currently grouped under Northern Asia.

South-eastern Asia

This subregion covers the geographical regions of Indochinese Peninsula and Malay Archipelago, covering the following geopolitical entities as a whole:

  •  Brunei Darussalam
  •  Cambodia
  •  Indonesia
  •  Lao People's Democratic Republic
  •  Malaysia
  •  Myanmar
  •  Philippines
  •  Singapore
  •  Thailand
  •  Timor-Leste
  •  Viet Nam

Southern Asia

This subregion covers the geographical regions spanning from the Iranian Plateau till the Indian subcontinent, covering the following geopolitical entities as a whole:

  •  Afghanistan
  •  Bangladesh
  •  Bhutan
  •  India
  •  Iran (Islamic Republic of)
  •  Maldives
  •    Nepal
  •  Pakistan
  •  Sri Lanka

Western Asia

This subregion covers the geographical regions spanning from Anatolia, Caucasus, Levant, Mesopotamia till the Arabian Peninsula, covering the following geopolitical entities as a whole:

  •  Armenia
  •  Azerbaijan
  •  Bahrain
  •  Cyprus
  •  Georgia
  •  Iraq
  •  Israel
  •  Jordan
  •  Kuwait
  •  Lebanon
  •  Oman
  •  Qatar
  •  Saudi Arabia
  •  State of Palestine
  •  Syrian Arab Republic
  •  Turkey
  •  United Arab Emirates
  •  Yemen

Europe

Eastern Europe

  •  Belarus
  •  Bulgaria
  •  Czechia
  •  Hungary
  •  Poland
  •  Republic of Moldova
  •  Romania
  •  Russian Federation†
  •  Slovakia
  •  Ukraine

† Although Russia is a transcontinental country covering Northern Asia as well, for statistical convenience, Russia is assigned under Eastern Europe by UNSD, including both European Russia and Siberian Russia under a single subregion.

Northern Europe

  •  Åland Islands
  •  Denmark
  •  Estonia
  •  Faroe Islands
  •  Finland
  •  Iceland
  •  Ireland
  •  Isle of Man
  •  Latvia
  •  Lithuania
  •  Norway
  •  Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands
  •  Sweden
  •  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Southern Europe

  •  Albania
  •  Andorra
  •  Bosnia and Herzegovina
  •  Croatia
  •  Gibraltar
  •  Greece
  •  Holy See
  •  Italy
  •  Malta
  •  Montenegro
  •  North Macedonia
  •  Portugal
  •  San Marino
  •  Serbia
  •  Slovenia
  •  Spain

Western Europe

  •  Austria
  •  Belgium
  •  France
  •  Germany
  •  Liechtenstein
  •  Luxembourg
  •  Monaco
  •  Netherlands
  •  Switzerland

Oceania

Australia and New Zealand

  • Australia Australia
  • New Zealand New Zealand
  • Norfolk Island Norfolk Island

Melanesia

  • Fiji Fiji
  • New Caledonia New Caledonia
  • Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea
  • Solomon Islands Solomon Islands
  • Vanuatu Vanuatu

Micronesia

Polynesia

  • American Samoa American Samoa
  • Cook Islands Cook Islands
  • French Polynesia French Polynesia
  • Niue Niue
  • Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn
  • Samoa Samoa
  • Tokelau Tokelau
  • Tonga Tonga
  • Tuvalu Tuvalu
  • Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna Islands

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 British Overseas Territory
  2. 1 2 3 Part of the Dutch Caribbean and a constituent country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands
  3. ↑ Part of the Dutch Caribbean, the Caribbean Netherlands and a public body within the Kingdom of the Netherlands
  4. 1 2 3 An overseas department and region of France
  5. ↑ A commonwealth and unincorporated territory of the United States
  6. 1 2 3 An overseas collectivity of France
  7. ↑ An unincorporated and organized territory of the United States
  8. ↑ A dependency of Norway
  9. ↑ A constituent country within the Danish Realm

References

  1. ↑ UNSD: Standard country or area codes for statistical use (M49) – Recent changes – Footnote 13
  2. 1 2 3 "UNSD — Methodology". United Nations Statistics Division. Retrieved 2019-06-17.
  3. ↑ United Nations Industrial Organisation p. 14
  4. ↑ UNESCO, Europe and North America, Retrieved: 10 May 2016
  5. ↑ Katrin Elborgh-Woytek; Monique Newiak; Kalpana Kochhar; Stefania Fabrizio; Kangni Kpodar; Philippe Wingender; Benedict J. Clements; Gerd Schwartz (20 September 2013). Women, Work, and the Economy:Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity. International Monetary Fund. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-4843-9529-5. Country groups are based on UN geoscheme and World Bank regional classification
  6. ↑ ICANN Geographic Regions
  7. ↑ ICANN Geographical Regions, Final Report by the ccNSO Regions Working Group, For Submission to the ICANN Board, 24 September 2007
  8. ↑ "World Bank Country and Lending Groups", the World Bank
  9. ↑ "Territory Containment (UN M.49)". unicode-org.github.io.
  10. ↑ "Geographical diversification and Solvency II: A proposal by Lloyd's".
  11. ↑ "Countries in APRICOT's Region".
  12. ↑ Website Usability in Asia 'from Within': An Overview of a Decade of Literature International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 29, issue 4 (2013), pp. 256–273.
  13. ↑ Hodgkins, Paul; Arnold, L. Eugene; Shaw, Monica; Caci, Hervé; Kahle, Jennifer; Woods, Alisa G; Young, Susan (2012). "A Systematic Review of Global Publication Trends Regarding Long-Term Outcomes of ADHD". Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2: 84. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00084. ISSN 1664-0640. PMC 3260478. PMID 22279437.
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