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1500 questions
39
votes
13 answers

Using error-correcting codes in theory

What are applications of error-correcting codes in theory besides error correction itself? I am aware of three applications: Goldreich-Levin theorem about hard core bit, Trevisan's construction of extractor and amplification of hardness of boolean…
ilyaraz
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38
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6 answers

Grid $k$-coloring without monochromatic rectangles

Update: The obstruction set (i.e. the NxM "barrier" between colorable and uncolorable grid sizes) for all monochromatic-rectangle-free 4-colorings is now known. Anyone feel up to trying 5-colorings? ;) The following question arises out of Ramsey…
Daniel Apon
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38
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4 answers

What is the smallest result you publish on ArXiv?

In essence, the question is: What is the least publishable unit for the ArXiv? Of particular interest are fields that use the ArXiv extensively such as quantum computing. But comments on other fields and preprint services (like, ECCC & ePrint) are…
Artem Kaznatcheev
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38
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3 answers

Extended Church-Turing Thesis

One of the most discussed questions on the site has been What it Would Mean to Disprove the Church-Turing Thesis. This is partly because Dershowitz and Gurevich published a proof of the Church-Turing Thesis is the Bulletin of Symbolic Logic in…
Aaron Sterling
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38
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2 answers

Multiplying n polynomials of degree 1

The problem is to compute the polynomial $(a_1 x + b_1) \times \cdots \times (a_n x + b_n)$. Assume that all coefficients fit in a machine word, i.e. can be manipulated in unit time. You can do $O(n \log^2 n)$ time by applying FFT in a tree fashion.…
Mihai
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38
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17 answers

Conjectures implying Four Color Theorem

Four Color Theorem (4CT) states that every planar graph is four colorable. There are two proofs given by [Appel,Haken 1976] and [Robertson,Sanders,Seymour,Thomas 1997]. Both these proofs are computer-assisted and quite intimidating. There are…
Shiva Kintali
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38
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3 answers

Consequences of Factoring being in P?

Factoring is not known to be NP-complete. This question asked for consequences of Factoring being NP-complete. Curiously, no one asked for consequences of Factoring being in P (maybe because such a question is trivial). So my questions are: Which…
Giorgio Camerani
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38
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2 answers

Axioms necessary for theoretical computer science

This question is inspired by a similar question about applied mathematics on mathoverflow, and that nagging thought that important questions of TCS such as P vs. NP might be independent of ZFC (or other systems). As a little background, reverse…
Artem Kaznatcheev
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38
votes
8 answers

Higher-order algorithms

Most of the well-known algorithms are first-order, in the sense that their input and output are "plain" data. Some are second-order in a trivial way, for example sorting, hashtables or the map and fold functions: they are parameterized by a…
jkff
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38
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7 answers

Books on programming language semantics

I've been reading Nielson & Nielson's "Semantics with Applications", and I really like the subject. I'd like to have one more book on programming language semantics -- but I really can get only one. I took a look at the Turbak/Gifford book, but it's…
Jay
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38
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4 answers

Interactive proofs for levels of the polynomial hierarchy

We know that if you have a PSPACE machine, it's powerful enough to give an interactive proof of any level the polynomial hierarchy. (And if I remember right, all you need is #P.) But suppose you want to give an interactive proof of membership in a…
Peter Shor
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38
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13 answers

Inspirational talk for final year high school pupils

I am often asked by my department to give talks to final year high school pupils about the more mathematical elements of computer science. I do my best to pick topics from TCS which might inspire their interest (which mostly involves something to do…
Simd
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38
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3 answers

Max-cut with negative weight edges

Let $G = (V, E, w)$ be a graph with weight function $w:E\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$. The max-cut problem is to find: $$\arg\max_{S \subset V} \sum_{(u,v) \in E : u \in S, v \not \in S}w(u,v)$$ If the weight function is non-negative (i.e. $w(e) \geq 0$…
Aaron Roth
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38
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4 answers

Examples where the uniqueness of the solution makes it easier to find

The complexity class $\mathsf{UP}$ consists of those $\mathsf{NP}$-problems that can be decided by a polynomial time nondeterministic Turing machine which has at most one accepting computational path. That is, the solution, if any, is unique in this…
Andras Farago
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38
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7 answers

What is the oldest open problem in TCS?

This problem is inspired by this MO question, which I thought was very interesting. What is the oldest open problem in TCS? Clearly this question needs some clarification. First, what is TCS? I think the existence of odd perfect numbers is not…
Robin Kothari
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